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Begum, A.Naseema,Rekha, M.,Ahsan, M.M.,Rao, P.Sudhakara Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2000 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.1 No.2
To evolve silkworm hybrids with higher survival and better cocoon characters, evaluation of semen hybrids in the laboratory (short-listed out of 143 hybrids) resulted in the identification of two promising hybrids, A3${\tines}$935 E (HSP1) and A3${\tines}$916 B (HSP2). The hybrids were evaluated at three different Regional Sericultural Research Stations of Central Silk Board during 1997-1998 and also tested with the farmers along with two control hybrids, KAxNB4D2 and PMxNB4D2. Evaluation of the hybrids indicated that these hybrids can be reared in all the seasons, especially during summer season. These hybrids show shorter larval duration (22 days 17 hrs against 23 days in control KAxNB4D2 and better cocoon characters as compared to the crossed breeds PM ${\tines}$NB4D2).
Naseema, Begum, A.,Ahsan, M. M.,Datta, R. K. 한국잠사학회 1999 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.41 No.2
Twelve pure bivoltine silkworm lines identified based on higher G.C.A values from a linextester crossing programme, were crossed with twelve breeds showing cocoon shell ratio>22% and hybrids prepared, evaluated in a Multiple index method. Seven hybrids showing average index value>50 in all the 10 economic characters were selected and evaluated in the laboratory. However, two hybrids viz., A3×935E and A3×916 B were finally selected based on the superiority of the breeds in one day shorter larval duration and with higher reeling characters compared to control KaxNM4D2. The breeding procedure involved in the evolution hybrids are discussed.
Begum, A.Naseema,Basavaraja, H.K.,Rekha, M.,Ahsan, M.M.,Datta, R.K. Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2001 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.2 No.2
Screening of fifteen bivoltine silkworm breeds of Bombyx mori Linn at a temperature of $31{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ and relative humidity of 85${\pm}$5% resulted in the identification of eight thermo-tolerant breeds. The survival and cocoon shell ratio of the tolerant breeds ranged from 72.7 to 78.7% and 20.0 to 20.1% respectively. The tolerant breeds comprised of four oval breeds and four dumb-bell breeds. Eight foundation crosses prepared by crossing the oval and dumb-bell parents among themselves were screened at a temperature of $31{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ and relative humidity of 85{\pm}5%. The performance of the foundation crosses on 11 economic characters were analysed by employing Multipie Trait Evaluation Index method. Four foundation crosses which scored average index value > 50 were selected as breeding parents and breeding initiated for the evolution of thermo-tolerant bivoltine silkworm breeds. The methodology and the results of the foundation crosses reared both at 31{\pm}1$^{\circ}C$ and at $25{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ temperatures, are discussed.
Correlation Coefficient Studies on Certain Quantitative Traits in the Silkworm, Bombyx mori L.
Begum, A.Naseema,Yamamoto, T. Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2002 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.5 No.1
To understand the relationship among different quantitative traits, correlation studies were performed by utilizing eighty-eight inbred strains of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. on twelve economic characters. Analysis resulted in correlation of 5th instar period with total larval period (r = 0.7882), cocoon weight with shell weight (r = 0.8326), shell weight with shell ratio (r = 0.5067), shell ratio with raw silk % (r = 0.7570), raw silk % with filament length (r = 0.3490), filament size (denier) with reelability (r = 0.3193) and boil-off loss % (r = 0.2792). Negative correlation was observed among filament length with filament size (r = 0.7582) and reelability with boil-off loss % (r = -0.3236). Correlation of different quantitative characters for quality silk production is discussed.
Evaluation and Identification of Promising Bivoltine Breeds inthe Silkworm Bombyx mori L.
A. Naseema Begum,H. K. Basavaraja,P. G. Joge,A. K. Palit 한국잠사학회 2008 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.16 No.1
Under the all India programme of evaluation of mulberry and silkworm genotypes, twelve bivoltine silkworm breeds obtained from Central Silkworm Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur (CSGRC) were evaluated at the bivoltine silkworm breeding laboratory, Central Sericultural Research & Training Institute, Mysore (CSR&TI). These breeds were tested during September-October 2003, August-September 2004 and February-March 2005. The average temperature and humidity during September-October 2003 was 26.5oC and 72.6% RH, while during August-September 2004, it was 26.5oC and 75.2% RH and during February-March 2005 it was 24oC and 48% RH respectively. The performance of the breeds in respect of 21 traits was studied and statistically analyzed using analysis of variance (Singh and Choudhary, 1985). Silkworm breeds were short-listed using multiple trait evaluation index method as suggested by Mano et al., (1993). Evaluation Index values were calculated for all the 11 traits of economic importance and six breeds were short-listed based on average index value 50 and above 50. Two breed viz., BV 183 (SMGS-1) have recorded average E.I. > 50 in 10 traits (except in neatness) and ranked first and the breed BV 262 (SMGS-9) with E.I. value > 50 in nine traits except in cocoon weight and neatness ranked second, in the order of merit. These two breeds may be selected as resource material for evolving region specific silkworm breeds.
Evolution and Identification of Thermo-Tolerant Hybrids in the Silkworm, Bombyx mori L.
Begum, A.Naseema,Rekha, M.,Basavaraja, H.K.,Ahsan, M.M. Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2003 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.6 No.2
Four thermo-tolerant lines of silkworm, Bombyx mori, (L.) viz., A HT, B HT (Chinese type) and F HT, G HT (Japanese type) were evolved by utilizing the breeding resource material (identified from initial screening at a temperature of 31 ${\pm} 1^{\circ}C$ and relative humidity 85 ${\pm}$ 5%) through conventional breeding. These tolerant lines were crossed with productive breeds and forty four hybrids were evaluated on eight economic traits by the Multiple Trait Evaluation Index Method. Ten hybrids were short-listed based on the average evaluation index value larger than 50 for eight economic traits studied. The identified ten hybrids recorded higher index values (> 50) for most of the traits studied. Single hybrid G ${\times}$ CSR12 indicated average index value larger than 50 for six traits viz., pupation number (58), cocoon weight (67), shell weight (65), average filament length (74), raw silk % (69), reelability % (51) except for shell ratio % (41). The standard deviation of the cocoons in the above hybrid was 8.41 in the hybrid cocoon length and width measurement. However, two selected hybrids viz., A ${\times}$ CSR5 and G ${\times}$ CSR13 recorded average index value larger than 50 for all the traits viz., pupation number (57, 60), cocoon weight (50, 54), shell weight (56, 57), shell ratio percentage (59, 53), average filament length (55, 60), raw silk percentage (63, 67) and reelability percentage (53, 53). The standard deviation of the cocoons in the two selected hybrids viz., A ${\times}$ CSR5 and G ${\times}$ CSR13 was 8.41 and 8.06 respectively in the cocoon length and width measurement.
Line X Tester Analysis for Economic Characters in the Bivoltine Silkworm, Bombyx mori L .
Begum, Naseema,Bhargava, A. S. K.,Ahsan, M. M.,Datta, R. K.,Rao, D. Raghavendra 한국잠사학회 1997 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.39 No.2
In a line X tester crossing programme (24 lines and 2 testers) the general combining ability(GCA) and specinc combining ability (SCA) effects were analyzed for five economic characters in the bivoltine silkworm,Bombyx mori L. The results showed desired GCA effects in 934D1(9500), 934B (9789) and 934A1(9855) for cocoon yield per 10,000 larvae brushed by number. Likewise, the lines found to be superior based on GCA effects for other characters were as follows; 931D (14.040 Kgs), 935E (17.023 Kga.), 934D1 (15.643 Kgs.) and 934B (15.687 Kgs.) for cocoon yield by weight: 931D (1.717 g) and 930E (1.796 g) for single cocoon weight; 932B(0.330 g) for single shell weight; 932B (18.7%), 933A (18.86%) and 935A (19.89%) for shell ratio. SCA effects showed the superiority of 932D X KA (9822 cocoon yield per 10,000 larvae brushed by number); 932A X NB4D2 (16.933 Kgs. cocoon yield per 10000 larvae brushed by weight); 931C X KA (1.911 g single cocoon weight); 934 X NB4D2 (0.371 g single shell weight and 21.0% shell ratio). The analysis indicated non-additive gene action for all the five characters.