Investigation of the April 2000 forest fire damage in Kang-won Province, Korea, using RADARSAT data

Kang, Sung Chul,Seo, Jin Won,Lee, Tae Hee,Park, Sang Eun,Hong, Suk Young,Moon, Wooil M. 대한원격탐사학회 2000 International Symposium on Remote Sensing Vol.16 No.1

The series of forest Fires in Kangwon Province in April, 2000, were one of the mast serious ones in the Kang-won Province in recent years. The fire damaged areas are extensive and this paper investigates the utility of the satellite image data, particularly the RADARSAT SAR data. One of the main objectives of this study included evaluation of potential usefulness of the C-band RADARSAT data in the detection of forest fires in mountainous areas. Among several fire damaged sites, the area near Samchuk (city) was selected as the main study area and mufti-temporal RADARSAT(raw) data were acquired and the processed results were comparatively investigated with the IRS-1c data acquired shortly after the fire. To identify the burnt area from the undamaged background in the optical imagery, supervised classification and NDVI processing were carried out and tested with the IRS-1C data. For this experiment, several sets of raw RADARSAT standard and Fine mode (S4, F3, ascending orbit) data were processed and the final image was formed. In addition to the final image, sigma nought (σ°) was catnputed and compared for the burnt area against the undamaged areas. Because of the steep slopes in the study area and subsequent deviation from the flat surface scattering models, the fire scars in the sigma nought (σ°) image were not apparent. However, fire scars are slightly detected in the difference and ratio images obtained from the signal intensity data acquired at different dates (bath before and after fire). Texture analysis of the image data including the burnt areas were carried out using the Multiplicative Markov Random-Field (MMRF) algorithm. The detection of the fire damaged area from both standard mode and fine mode RADARSAT was not as straightforward as in optical data. However, Previous studies with ERS-1 S_AR and RADARSAT data in Indonesia and in the North American Plains indicate that C-band SAR data provide us with an effective tool for studying the forest fire damages. However, the application of C-band SAR data to the analysis of the forest fire areas requires careful processing of the data with realistic scattering models.

韓國 在來山羊의 精液性狀에 관한 硏究

姜錫元 건국대학교 1976 論文集 Vol.3 No.1

This experiment was carried out to clarify the seasonal changes in general characteristics such as semen volume, sperm concentration, sperm motility, sperm abnormality and pH of the semen collected from Korean native goats by the method of electrostimulation. The results obtained in this experiment were as follows. 1.Semen volume per ejaculation was increased with decreasing daylight and the reverse was true for the increasing daylight, average semen volume per ejaculation of November, December and January leas 0.95m1 and that of July, August and September was 0.50ml. Significant difference (P 0.05) between those two volumes was observed. 2.Seasonal changes in sperm concentration was reciprocal to those of semen volume. Average sperm concentration of July, August and September was 16.02 × 108/ml, and that of November, December and January was 9.86 × 108/ml, and there was also significant difference (P < 0.05) between those two concentration. 3.Sperm motility was changed in parallel with the variation of semen volume per ejaculation ; average sperm motility of November, December and January was 83.30 and that of July, August and September was 55.10 as motility index, and significant difference (P < 0.05) between those two values was observed. 4.Sperm abnormality was also changed in parallel with semen volume ; average percentages of abnormal spermatozoa during November, December and January were higher than those of the other months. 5.The pH of ejaculated semen was ranged from 6.80 to 7.20 throught the year and no remarkable variation according to season was observed. 6.Significantly high (P < 0.01) negative correlations between semen volume and sperm concentration, sperm concentration and sperm motility, sperm concentration and sperm fibnormality was observed. And there was also positive correlation between semen volume and sperm motility, semen volume and sperm abnormality, semen volume and pH, and sperm motility and pH. 7.It was clarified by those results that the reproductive activity of Korean native goat was activated by the increasing daylight began from November to January in Korea.

치환된 알킬요드화물 또는 크산테이트 화합물과 에틸 아크릴산 또는 메틸 비닐케톤과의 분자간 라디칼 탄소-탄소 결합형성반응

강석구,박영원,박천호,조일환,오원택 성균관대학교 1992 論文集 Vol.42 No.2

생리활성천연물인 lipoxin A, carpenter bee 페로몬, 뇌염모기 페로몬, exobrevicomin 등의 합성의 주요 키탈 중간체들을 치환된 요드화물 또는 크산테이트 화합물과 에틸아크릴산 또는 메틸비닐케톤과의 분자간 라디칼 탄소-탄소 형성 반응에 의해 합성하였다. The chiral building blocks for the synthesis of biologically active natural products such as lipoxin A, carpenter bee pheromone, mosquito ov-iposition pheromone, and exo-brevicomins were synthesized by intermol-ecular radical C-C bond formation of the appropriate substituted iodides or xanthates with ethyl acrylate or methyl vinyl ketone.

클러스터링 기법을 이용한 퍼지 모델링에 관한 연구

원태현,김문수,이용길,강석규 동의공업대학 2000 論文集 Vol.26 No.1

In this paper, a new approach to modeling of static and dynamic systems using clustering techniques. To express the various and complex behavior of systems, we combine multiple model method. The Gustafson-Kessel algorithm is used in partitioning of system, and Takaei Sugeno rule structure is adopted to form the fuzzy rules. According to simulation, the performance of fuzzy modeling technique is evaulated.

Dock Wall에서 Pre-splitting 발파의 적용성에 관한 연구

강추원,고진석,강석곤 조선대학교 동력자원연구소 1997 動力資源硏究所誌 Vol.19 No.1

The contour blasting minimize the strain and the rocks are destroyed to the theoretical projected line by adding or substracting the explosive compound amounts. On pre-splitting blasting, the most important factors are the base rock conditions, accuracy of drilling, kind of explosive compound used, and charge. The first test blast is classified in eight groups, which is done to find more accurate blasting conditions after a variety of blasting methods are used. Through the conditions of charge of the first test blast, after the best blast method is selected the second test blast is performed. The number of holes and hole spacing are corrected on the second test blast, which takes change to reduce construction days and working conditions. In the second test blast charge conditions. Pattern Y is the method for see a cutting plane of 90˚ for the reducing of dock-wall parts.

프로스타글란딘 중간체 (R)-4-히드록시-2-시클로펜텐온의 합성

강석구,박영원 성균관대학교 1991 論文集 Vol.42 No.1

D-크실로스를 출발물질로 하여 (R)-4-히드록시-2-시클로펜텐온을 합성하였다. D-크실로스에서 유도되는 메틸렌푸라노스를 산성용액에서 탈보호기화한후 이를 염기성 용액에서 분자내 알콜 반응을 거쳐서 (R)-4-히드록시-2 시클로펜텐온을 합성하였다. The synthesis of(R)-4-hydroxy-2-cyclopentenone from D-xylose is describecl. Acid catalyzed deprotection of the methylene furanose acetonide derivecl from D-xy-lose followed by base catalyzed intramolecular aldol condensation as the key reaction afforded (R)-4-hydroxy-2-cyclopentenone.

공원묘지 유실에 의한 대량재해의 개인식별

강신몽,이한영,윤중진,이원태,김종열,이영석,서재관,최득린,서지석,이혜경 大韓法醫學會 1992 대한법의학회지 Vol.16 No.1

Individual identification of severely decomposed or skeletonized bodies is an important part in medicolegal field. 142 bodies were torn up and carried away by flood in a park cemetry, Kwang-Ju, Kyunggi province, Korea at Sept., 10, 1990. The authors examed the 56 bodies, which were gained, through medical, anthropological, odontological, radiological methods, and superimposition for individual identification. Among them, 41 cases were successfully identified, and remaining 15 cases were not identified because of sever destruction and no adequate information.

한라산 1100고지에서 채취한 대기 에어로졸 조성의 계절적 변화에 관한 연구

강창희,한지숙,김태행,김원형,박용이 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1997 基礎科學硏究 Vol.10 No.1

The atmospheric aerosols have been collected with aerosol sampler installed at 1100m site located at Halla mountain in Cheju island for about 124 days from August 15, 1996 to May 3, 1997, and their compositions have been analyzed in order to investigate the seasonal variation of aerosol compositions and the characteristics of aerosols. The correlation coefficients for the sum of the cation and anion equivalent concentrations showed the values between r=0.911 and r=0.977, and it has been found that the precision of the analytical data was with good satisfaction. The amounts of total suspended particulates(TSP) were in the range of 19.9∼28.6μg/㎥ with the highest concentrations in Spring season due to the yellow sand effect. The average concentrations of water-soluble cations were in the order of NH₄ +>Na+>Mg²+>K+>Ca²+ during the summer, fall and winter seasons, but NH₄+>Ca ²+>K+>Na+>Mg²+ during the spring season. The average concentrations of anions were in the order of SO₄->NO₃->Cl- for the all seasons. The concentrations of SO₄²- and NO₃- showed a high increase through winter and spring seasons due to the effect of the north-west wind, which were 5.95∼6.05μg/㎥ and 1.41∼1.60μg/㎥ respectively. And the Ca²+, the major component of soil, showed a high concentration value of 0.47μg/㎥ in yellow-sand spring season. In the effect of sea-salt with the enrichment factors, the SO₄²-, Ca²- and K+ were found to be flown to the air due to the other factors rather than sea-salt effect. And in the effect of soil with the enrichment factors, the SO₄²-, NO₃-, Cl- and NH₄+ were found to be introduced to the air through the other paths but the soil itself.

Pd 촉매하에서 Aryl-과 Alkenyliodonium Salts의 Alkoxycarbonylation에 관한 연구

강석구,야마구치 토쿠타로,호필수,김원엽 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1996 論文集 Vol.47 No.1

The palladium-catalyzed carbonylation of diaryliodonium tetrafluoroborates and tosylates in presence of methanol and phenol afforded aromatic esters at room temperature under atmospheric pressure of carbon monoxide. However, carbonylation of diaryliodoniurn triflates and bromides in methanol afforded 4-iodophenyl-substituted methyl esters.

탄수화물에 관한 연구 : 헥소퓨라노스고리의 입체선택적 변형 Stereoselective Modification of the Hexofuranose Ring

강석구,박영원 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1992 論文集 Vol.43 No.1

D-크실로스에서 얻어지는 퓨라노스고리를 변형시켜 천연물 합성의 중간체를 합성하는 입체선택적 반응을 연구하였다. 이 퓨라노스 고리의 C-3위치에 있는 히드록시기를 Swern산화 조건에서 산화시키는 방법을 연구한 후 얻어진 C-3위치에 케톤에 Grignard, Wittig 반응후 수소환원 등을 통해 퓨라노스고리의 C-3 위치에 입체선택적으로 치환기를 유도하는 방법을 연구하였다. The stereoselective modifications of the hexofuranose ring derived from D-xylose were studied. The method of the oxidation by the Swern oxidation condition on the C-3 position of this furanose ring was developed. Grignard reaction afforded the 3 alcohol, which was transformed into the allylic carbonate to introduce side chain stereoselectively. On the other hand, 3-ketofuranose was subjected to Wittig reaction followed by stereoselective hydrogenation to afford C-3 branched furanose system, which was elaborated to C-4 branched furanose.