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        Bacillus subtilis from Soybean Food Shows Antimicrobial Activity for Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii by Affecting the adeS Gene<sup>s</sup>

        ( Tieshan Wang ),( Jianrong Su ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2016 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.26 No.12

        Exploring novel antibiotics is necessary for multidrug-resistant pathogenic bacteria. Because the probiotics in soybean food have antimicrobial activities, we investigated their effects on multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Nineteen multidrug-resistant A. baumannii strains were clinically isolated as an experimental group and 11 multidrug-sensitive strains as controls. The growth rates of all bacteria were determined by using the analysis for xCELLigence Real-Time Cell. The combination of antibiotics showed synergistic effects on the strains in the control group but no effect on the strains in the experimental group. Efflux pump gene adeS was absent in all the strains from the control group, whereas it exists in all the strains from the experimental group. Furthermore, all the strains lost multidrug resistance when an adeS inhibitor was used. One strain of probiotics isolated from soybean food showed high antimicrobial activity for multidrug-resistant A. baumannii. The isolated strain belongs to Bacillus subtilis according to 16S RNA analysis. Furthermore, E. coli showed multidrug resistance when it was transformed with the adeS gene from A. baumannii whereas the resistant bacteria could be inhibited completely by isolated Bacillus subtilis. Thus, probiotics from soybean food provide potential antibiotics against multidrug-resistant pathogenic bacteria.

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        Nanodrug Delivery Systems in Antitumor Immunotherapy

        Zishuo Guo,Jinhong Ye,Xuehao Cheng,Tieshan Wang,Yi Zhang,Kaili Yang,Shouying Du,Pengyue Li 한국생체재료학회 2024 생체재료학회지 Vol.28 No.00

        Cancer has become one of the most important factors threatening human health, and the global cancer burden has been increasing rapidly. Immunotherapy has become another clinical research hotspot after surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy because of its high efficiency and tumor metastasis prevention. However, problems such as lower immune response rate and immune-related adverse reaction in the clinical application of immunotherapy need to be urgently solved. With the development of nanodrug delivery systems, various nanocarrier materials have been used in the research of antitumor immunotherapy with encouraging therapeutic results. In this review, we mainly summarized the combination of nanodrug delivery systems and immunotherapy from the following 4 aspects: (a) nanodrug delivery systems combined with cytokine therapy to improve cytokines delivery in vivo; (b) nanodrug delivery systems provided a suitable platform for the combination of immune checkpoint blockade therapy with other tumor treatments; (c) nanodrug delivery systems helped deliver antigens and adjuvants for tumor vaccines to enhance immune effects; and (d) nanodrug delivery systems improved tumor treatment efficiency and reduced toxicity for adoptive cell therapy. Nanomaterials chosen by researchers to construct nanodrug delivery systems and their function were also introduced in detail. Finally, we discussed the current challenges and future prospects in combining nanodrug delivery systems with immunotherapy.

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        Insights from an OKMC simulation of dose rate effects on the irradiated microstructure of RPV model alloys

        Li Jianyang,Zhang Chonghong,Martin-Bragado Ignacio,Yang Yitao,Wang Tieshan 한국원자력학회 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.3

        This work studies the defect features in a dilute FeMnNi alloy by an Object Kinetic Monte Carlo (OKMC) model based on the "grey-alloy" method. The dose rate effect is studied at 573 K in a wide range of dose rates from 108 to 104 displacement per atom (dpa)/s and demonstrates that the density of defect clusters rises while the average size of defect clusters decreases with increasing dose rate. However, the dose-rate effect decreases with increasing irradiation dose. The model considered two realistic mechanisms for producing <100>-type self-interstitial atom (SIA) loops and gave reasonable production ratios compared with experimental results. Our simulation shows that the proportion of <100>-type SIA loops could change obviously with the dose rate, influencing hardening prediction for various dose rates irradiation. We also investigated ways to compensate for the dose rate effect. The simulation results verified that about a 100 K temperature shift at a high dose rate of 1 104 dpa/s could produce similar irradiation microstructures to a lower dose rate of 1 107 dpa/s irradiation, including matrix defects and deduced solute migration events. The work brings new insight into the OKMC modeling and the dose rate effect of the Fe-based alloys.

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