http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
宋哲圭,徐裕德,金蘭姬 영남이공대학 1999 論文集 Vol.28 No.-
The purpose of this research is to analyzed the facts of the freshman's actual lives of Yeungnam College of Science & Technology using the questionnaire. The questionnaire are consisted of 4 parts. The first part focused on the students' demographic factors. The second part focused on the life environment of the students'. The third part focused on the student's attitude about college. The forth part focused on the students' psychological traits and so on. The result of this research shows the traits and changes of the freshman lately. In addition it dim the basic materials to establish administration of college and to counsel and guide the freshman.
Optimizing DC Vaccination by Combination With Oncolytic Adenovirus Coexpressing IL-12 and GM-CSF
Zhang, Song-Nan,Choi, Il-Kyu,Huang, Jing-Hua,Yoo, Ji-Young,Choi, Kyung-Ju,Yun, Chae-Ok Nature Publishing Group 2011 MOLECULAR THERAPY Vol.19 No.8
<P>Dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccination is a promising strategy for cancer immunotherapy. However, clinical trials have indicated that immunosuppressive microenvironments induced by tumors profoundly suppress antitumor immunity and inhibit vaccine efficacy, resulting in insufficient reduction of tumor burdens. To overcome these obstacles and enhance the efficiency of DC vaccination, we generated interleukin (IL)-12- and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-coexpressing oncolytic adenovirus (Ad-ΔB7/IL12/GMCSF) as suitable therapeutic adjuvant to eliminate immune suppression and promote DC function. By treating tumors with Ad-ΔB7/IL12/GMCSF prior to DC vaccination, DCs elicited greater antitumor effects than in response to either treatment alone. DC migration to draining lymph nodes (DLNs) dramatically increased in mice treated with the combination therapy. This result was associated with upregulation of CC-chemokine ligand 21 (CCL21<SUP>+</SUP>) lymphatics in tumors treated with Ad-ΔB7/IL12/GMCSF. Moreover, the proportion of CD4<SUP>+</SUP>CD25<SUP>+</SUP> T-cells and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression was decreased in mice treated with the combination therapy. Furthermore, combination therapy using immature DCs also showed effective antitumor effects when combined with Ad-ΔB7/IL12/GMCSF. The combination therapy had a remarkable therapeutic efficacy on large tumors. Taken together, oncolytic adenovirus coexpressing IL-12 and GM-CSF in combination with DC vaccination has synergistic antitumor effects and can act as a potent adjuvant for promoting and optimizing DC vaccination.</P>
질소 시용수준에 따른 배 ‘신고’ 실생묘의 생육과 질소관련물질의 변화
金松南(Song Nan Jin),최동근(Dong Geun Choi),강인규(In Kyu Kang),한광수(Kwang Soo Han),최철(Cheol Choi) (사)한국생물환경조절학회 2006 시설원예‧식물공장 Vol.15 No.1
‘신고’ 실생을 대상으로 질소사용수준에 따른 생장 반응을 조사하고 질산환원효소 활성 측정을 통해 수체내에서의 질산 환원상태를 어느 정도 예측할 수 있는 지 알아보기 위하여 시험을 실시하였다. 사경시험에 사용한 영양액은 암모늄태와 질산태질소의 비율을 1:3으로 하고 질소농도를 100, 200, 400 및 600㎎ㆍL¹의 4가지 수준으로 하였고, pH를 6.5로 조절한 후 포트당 3L씩 l일 3회 점적 관수를 실시하였다. 생육 중 수고와 건물중 모두 질소시용수준을 100과 200㎎ㆍL¹로 하였을 때가 400과 600㎎ㆍL¹에 비하여 유의하게 높고 무거웠으나 100과 200㎎ㆍL¹의 처리간에는 큰 차이가 없었다. 질소의 시용수준이 600㎎ㆍL¹일 때에는 질소 과잉 공급으로 신초 생장이 극히 불량하였다. 질 산태질소의 함량은 잎과 뿌리의 경우 조사시기에 따라 질소 시용 효과가 서로 다른 양상을 보였으나 줄기의 경우는 질소시용농도의 증기에 따라 증가하였다. 부위 별 전질소와 환원 질소의 함량은 처리 후 경우는 질소시용농도의 증가에 따라 증가하였다. 부위 별 전질소와 환원 질소의 함량은 처리 후 30일 경우 질소시용농도의 증가에 따라 증가하였으나 처리 후 60일과 90일에는 질소 시용 효과가 뚜렷하지 않았다. 기관별 in vivo(+NO₃?) NRA는 질소의 시용농도와 큰 관련이 없었으나 in vivo(-NO₃?) NRA는 뿌리를 제외한 잎과 줄기에서 질소시용농도의 증가에 따라 증가하는 경향이었다. 잎과 줄기의 in vivo(-NO₃?) NRA 분포는 질소의 시용농도 증가에 따라 증가하였으나 뿌리에서는 감소하였다. 배나무의 생장과 질산환원을 충분히 촉진할 수 있는 적정 질소농도는 200㎎ㆍL¹이었다. This study was conducted to anticipate nitrate reduction state in tree through measurement of nitrate reductase activity (NRA) and investigate the effect of nitrogen concentrations (100, 200, 400, and 600 ㎎ㆍL¹) on growth, the nitrogen content of various tissue, and NRA of pear (Pyrus pyrifolia cv. Niitaka) seedlings in sand culture. Nutrient solutions used in this experiment were adjusted to pH 6.5 and fixed the ratio of ammonium and nitrate to 1:3 and trickle-irrigated 3 times a day. Tree height and dry weight of various organs in seedlings were higher in low nitrogen concentration (100 and 200 ㎎ㆍL¹) than in high nitrogen concentration (400 and 600 ㎎ㆍL¹). The shoot growth in 600 ㎎ : L -I was extremely poor by nitrogen over supply. Increasing the nitrogen concentration, the concentration of nitrate-N in leaves and roots were insignificantly changed but that of stems increased. The accumulation of total and reduced nitrogen in all organs with increasing concentrations of nitrogen supply were increased at 30 days after treatment but those of all organs at 60 and 90 days after treatment were highest in 600 ㎎ㆍL¹, whereas there were no significant changes among other nitrogen concentration. The in vivo (+NO₃?) NRA of all organs did not relate to nitrogen concentration but the in vivo (-NO₃?) NRA of leaves except roots increased with increasing the nitrogen concentration. Therefore, the proper nitrogen concentration to promote growth and nitrate reduction of pear tree was 200 ㎎ㆍL¹.
Variation and uncertainty of microplastics in commercial table salts
Seung-Kyu Kim(김승규),Nan-Seon Song(송난선),Ji-Su Kim(김지수),Hee-Jee Lee(이희지) 환경독성보건학회 2021 한국독성학회 심포지움 및 학술발표회 Vol.2021 No.5
Increasing concern of human exposure to microplastics (MPs) necessitates an assessment of the quality of MP data relevant to human exposure. In this literature review for table salt, we addressed the variability and uncertainty of MP data caused by different analytical methods among studies. Additionally, validation experiment was conducted to identify and correct uncertainties related to MP size. When combined without validation, salt data in literature (n=150) showed a wide range of 0–39800 (1386±5477) MPs kg<sup>-1</sup>. All procedures, including sample treatment, MP identification, and quality assurance were related to this variability. Most serious variability originated from the MP identification methods associated with minimum cut-off size of targeted/measured MPs and the selection of particles identified. When not corrected by size, MP content differed by 10–600 times among MP identification methods, with greatest value from visual observation, followed by FTIR and Raman methods. Meanwhile, there was a significant correlation—regardless of identification method—between logarithmic mean abundances and minimum cut-off sizes. The size-corrected values showed that adults intake up to 19000 MPs ≥10 μm annually via table salt, compared with 5100 MPs that was estimated from uncorrected mean abundance. Our validation experiment also showed the possibility of serious errors being caused by arbitrary selection of “MP-like particles” in spectroscopic analysis, specifically for smaller-sized particles. A combination of unverified data originated from different methods might have failed to adequately produce reliable human health-relevant results, thereby undermining the ability to quantify human risk.