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( Kaili Xia ),( Xianyang Jiang ),( Yingbiao Yao ),( Xianghong Tang ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2020 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.14 No.3
Using decode-and-forward relaying in the cognitive radio networks, the spectrum efficiency can improve furthermore. The optimization algorithm of the spectrum sensing estimation time is presented for the cognitive relay networks in this paper. The longer sensing time will bring two aspects of the consequences. On the one hand, the channel parameters are estimated more accurate so as to reduce the interferences to the authorized users and to improve the throughput of the cognitive users. On the other hand, it shortens the transmission time so as to decease the system throughput. In this time, it exists an optimal sensing time to maximize the throughput. The channel state information of the sub-bands is considered as the exponentially distributed, so a stochastic programming method is proposed to optimize the sensing time for the cognitive relay networks. The computer simulation results using the Matlab software show that the algorithm is effective, which has a certain engineering application value.
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Remediation of As/Cr co-contaminated soil by electrokinetic coupled with permeable reactive barrier
Yunfeng Xu,Yangfan Fang,Kaili Wang,Wei Xia,Guangren Qian 대한환경공학회 2022 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.27 No.3
In this study, the permeable-reactive-barrier (PRB) assisted electrokinetic (EK) was used to remediate As/Cr Co-contaminated soil, aiming to explore the optimal remediation conditions and the migration of As/Cr. The effects of PRB active substance, PRB location, voltage gradient and running time on the migration and transformation of Cr and As in simulated As/Cr contaminated kaolin were studied. The optimal parameters were as follows: PRB position was located near the anode (PRB A, the medium of PRB was hydrocalumite (CaAl-LDH)), initial voltage gradient was 1 V/cm, running time was 96 h. Under the optimal conditions, the removal efficiency of total arsenic (TAs) and total chromium (TCr) were 40.1% and 81.0%, respectively. This indicated that EK can effectively migrate As and Cr, and PRB can effectively adsorb As and Cr. The migration of As tends to both anode and cathode, while Cr tends to migrate towards the anode. The XRD patterns and FTIR spectra confirmed that the As immobilized by CaAl-LDH was mainly adsorbed on the surface, while Cr existed in CaAl-LDH by surface adsorption and intercalation.
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