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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Kaingmean, Kay (검색결과 1 건)
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Evaluation and Optimal Down-Stream Processing to Recycle Unfasted Stomach Spent Feed for Pig
Kaingmean, Kay Kangwon National Univ. 2012 국내박사
Two trials were conducted to investigate the significance of the un-fasted stomach spent feed (USSF) as either reducible or recyclable waste. Trial 1 was carried out to examine physico-chemical and microbiological properties of USSF and to develop the optimal pretreatment or processing method of wet USSF to enable recycle. Trial 2 was carried out to evaluate the feed-nutritional value of USSF upon feeding to finishing pig. In trial 1, freshly retrieved wet USSF was mixed with pig feed then either pelleted or fermented to develop proper and cost-effective processing method to enable recycling of USSF. Moisture content of wet USSF retrieved at an abattoir was near 70% and its pH was 4.52, which was relatively acidic. Average particle size of dried USSF was 1,869 μm suggesting faster gastric emptying of finer particle. After drying, the protein and GE content of USSF were close to those of pig feed, suggesting its potential as feed. Fermentation was able to extend storage life of USSF mixed feed. Successful pelleting of USSF + pig feed mixtures was achieved and able to improve storage life of the mixture as pellet feed. Therefore, less than 20% portion of USSF blending with pig feed was recommend to enable proper mixing, handling, pelleting and storage. In trial 2, two levels (5 and 10%) of USSF were respectively mixed with 95% and 90% of formula feed and 100% formula feed was prepared. Three diets were designated as 0:100, 5:95 and 10:90 according to each respective blending ratio. In addition, 100% USSF was also subjected to in vitro digestion trial. In vitro, DM and OM digestibilities of USSF mixture were relatively lower (P<0.05) than those of commercial pig feed, regardless of its site of in vitro gut simulation. This decrease in digestibility was presumed to represent partial digestion of DM in the stomach. For pig feeding study in trial 2, a total of 42 finishing pigs were allocated into three groups (seven male and seven female pigs per each group). The pigs with 81.45 kg average initial body weight were fed 28-days until marketing. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. For in vivo digestion trial, 0.3% chromium oxide was added to the test diets. The result indicated that BW and digestibility were not significantly different (P>0.05) between treatments and control. There were also no difference (P>0.05) in carcass grade among substitution levels of USSF with pig diet. Therefore, trial 2 showed that USSF can successfully replace finishing pig diet up to 5% level. Overall, this study implied that the nutritive value USSF is almost similar to that of precedingly consumed feed before slaughter. Farm level routine practice of pre-slaughter fasting should be implemented to decrease the amount of this valuable USSF generation. Otherwise, retrieval and recycle of the USSF as pig feed could be practiced without any sacrifice on pig performance once properly processed.
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