기업의 경제적 수익성과 환경적 지속가능성을 동시에 추구하는 의사결정도구로서의 "환경회계"도입은 필수적이라 할 수 있다. 이미 이웃나라인 일본과 구미 선진국들은 환경회계기준을 검...

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https://www.riss.kr/link?id=T9729803
대전 : 韓南大學校 大學院, 2004
2004
한국어
325.9 판사항(4)
363.7 판사항(19)
대전
141p. : 삽도 ; 26cm.
참고문헌: p. 126-135
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다운로드기업의 경제적 수익성과 환경적 지속가능성을 동시에 추구하는 의사결정도구로서의 "환경회계"도입은 필수적이라 할 수 있다. 이미 이웃나라인 일본과 구미 선진국들은 환경회계기준을 검...
기업의 경제적 수익성과 환경적 지속가능성을 동시에 추구하는 의사결정도구로서의 "환경회계"도입은 필수적이라 할 수 있다.
이미 이웃나라인 일본과 구미 선진국들은 환경회계기준을 검토하고 일부 가시적인 성과를 거두고 있다. 그러나 우리나라의 경우 일부기업에서 환경회계를 도입하고 있으나 아직 개념적으로 확립되지 못하였고, 일반적으로 인정된 회계원칙도 없는 실정이다.
본 연구는 기업의 환경관련 행위와 지속가능한 성장을 위한 환경친화적 경영을 유도할 수 있는 실천적 기반을 제공해 줄수 있는 회계구조의 확립을 위하여, K기업의 수도사업 분야를 대상으로 환경투자 및 환경비용을 측정하고자 우리나라 환경부의 환경회계가이드라인과 이론을 참고하여 K기업에 적합한 분류기준을 설정하고 동 기준에 따라 환경투자 및 비용을 일반회계에서 분리하는 작성을 수행하였다. 또한 K기업의 수도사업분야에서 환경투자 및 비용발생으로 추정되는 환경성과를 도출하였고, 환경투자와 비용이 환경성과에 미치는 영향을 분석함으로서 환경투자 및 비용이 기업경영에 장단기적으로 어떤 영향을 주는 지를 실증분석 하였다.
사례기업의 환경설비 분류현황, 환경투자 및 환경비용의 측정에 있어서는 먼저 환경시설물을 규정한후 시설물의 성격을 고려하여 세부적으로 분류한 후 그에 따른 환경투자 및 환경비용를 측정하였으며, 환경투자는 각 부문에서 오염예방활동과 오염처리활동에서 대부분 발생했으며, 전체 투자금액에서 환경투자가 차지하는 비중은 4 ~ 13%정도 였다. 사례기업의 환경투자 및 비용은 해마다 증가하는 추세이며 매출원가 대비 대략 4 ~ 10%를 차지하고 있었고, 거대 장치산업위주의 기업이다 보니 환경비용에서 감가상각비가 많은 비중을 차지하고 있었다. 환경성과의 측정은 환경비용의 측정에 비해 훨씬 어려운 작업이었다.
그 이유는 아직 환경성과에 대한 정확한 개념정리가 되어 있지 않다는 점과 참고할 만한 기존의 선행연구들이 거의 없다는 점 때문이다
그러나 환경성과의 측정은 경영자들이 최적의 의사결정을 할수 있도록 하는 필수적인 정보이며, 또한 일반적으로 경영자들이 가지고 있는 환경활동에 관한 인식 즉 환경지출은 기업에게는 원가부담일 뿐이라는 생각을 바꿔주는 가장 중요한 역할을 할 수 있기 때문에 환경성과측정을 위한 노력은 지속되어야 한다.
또한, 사례기업과 같은 공기업은 사회전체의 효용상승을 고려하지 않을수 없기 때문에 사회적 효익의 측정방법을 도입하는 것이 요구된다
또한 본 연구는 환경회계도입시스템과 환경투자금액과 환경비용을 늘리면 환경성과지표를 개선하여 환경경영의 효율성, 즉 환경성을 제고시킬 수 있는지에 관한 실증분석을 하였다
결론적으로 국민들의 환경에 관한 관심이 지속적으로 증가하고 있으며, 그에 따른 지속가능 발전을 위해서는 각 기업이 환경회계에 관한 시스템의 도입이 필요하고 환경투자 및 비용지출을 증가할 필요성이 있음을 알 수 있었다.
분석결과, 환경투자 및 비용금액과 환경성의 평가에 관해서는 매출액 등 일부 성과와는 상호연관성이 있으나 대부분의 경우 상호 연관성이 나타나지 않음을 알수 있었다.
단기적으로는 오히려 환경비용 지출과 환경투자가 환경성과와 역(-)의 관계가 나타나기도 하였다.
이는 환경투자 및 비용 산출에 대한 개념적 정의가 명확히 이루어지지 않은 상황에서 볼 때 일면 당연한 결과라 판단될 수 도 있고, 한편으로는 환경성과를 나타낼수 있는 변수의 선택이 적절치 못한 결과일수도 있다.
그러나 기업경영차원에서 환경문제에 대한 관심의 증가는 기업에 대한 하나의 위협이라기 보다는 새로운 기회와 도전으로서 받아들여져야 할 것이다
새로운 사업의 확장과 더불어 환경보호는 장기적으로 볼 때 생산을 위한 투입물로써의 깨끗한 물과 공기의 제공과 생산과정에서의 에너지효율성 증대와 같은 비용절감을 제공함으로서 기업경쟁력을 제고할 것이기 때문에 국민들의 환경에 대한 욕구증가 이상으로 미래를 예측한 장기적인 환경투자 및 비용지출은 더욱 필요한 환경 경영정책이 될 것이다.
다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)
The introduction of environmental accounting is essential for a company's economic profitability and environmental sustainability. Already, Japan and advanced countries in the west have studied environmental accounting standards and have obtained goo...
The introduction of environmental accounting is essential for a company's economic profitability and environmental sustainability.
Already, Japan and advanced countries in the west have studied environmental accounting standards and have obtained good results.
In Korea a few companies have introduced environmental accounting, but it is not yet systemized and does not have a unified concept.
Therefore, for the purpose of introducing a systemized action basis for Korean sustainable development and environmental-friendly management, this study has introduced the separation of K company's environmental investment and costs from the generally accepted financial statement on the basis of classification rules adaptable to the K company.
Through this process, this study considered the environmental guidelines provided by the Korean Ministry of the Environment to measure the environmental investment and costs of K company's water business unit.
As well, this study deduced the relationship between environmental investment and costs and environmental performance while also empirically analysing the influence of environmental investment and costs to the company's performance in the short-term or long-term.
Initially, to measure the amount of environmental investment and costs this study conceptualized environmental facilities and classified the related costs in detail.
Secondly, variables were selected to represent the environmental performance index which is presented by the Ministry of the Environment, excluding some variables which are unrelated to the company's environmental effort.
Thirdly, representative variables of environmental performance were defined as shown below.
1) Total Production: total amount of output through production processes
2) Total Sales: the total income provided by water supply to end-users
3) Chemical Expenditures
4) Sludge Treatment Expenditures
5) Effective Ratio of Water Supply: the ratio of amount sold to overall production
6) Consumer Satisfaction with the Company
7) The amount of litigation relating to water supply or quality
Fourthly, this study developed several hypothesis that describe the relationships between environmental investment and costs and environment performance as listed below.
Hypothesis Ⅰ : The amount of environmental investment has a positive relationship with environmental performance
Ⅰ-1 The amount of environmental investment has a positive relationship with total production
Ⅰ-2 The amount of environmental investment has a positive relationship with total sales
Ⅰ-3 The amount of environmental investment has a negative relationship with Chemical Expenditures
Ⅰ-4 The amount of environmental investment has a negative relationship with Sludge Treatment Expenditures
Ⅰ-5 The amount of environmental investment has a negative relationship with the amount of Sludge Treatment
Ⅰ-6 The amount of environmental investment has a positive relationship with Consumer Satisfaction with the Company
Ⅰ-7 The amount of environmental investment has a positive relationship with the Effective Ratio of Water Supply
Ⅰ-8 The amount of environmental investment has a negative relationship with the amount of litigation related to water supply or quality
Hypothesis Ⅱ : The amount of environmental cost has a positive relationship with environmental performance
Ⅰ-1 The amount of environmental cost has a positive relationship with total production
Ⅰ-2 The amount of environmental cost has a positive relationship with total sales
Ⅰ-3 The amount of environmental cost has a negative relationship with Chemical Expenditures
Ⅰ-4 The amount of environmental cost has a negative relationship with Sludge Treatment Expenditures
Ⅰ-5 The amount of environmental cost has a negative relationship with the amount of Sludge Treatment
Ⅰ-6 The amount of environmental cost has a positive relationship with Consumer Satisfaction with the Company
Ⅰ-7 The amount of environmental cost has a positive relationship with the Effective Ratio of water supply
Ⅰ-8 The amount of environmental cost has a negative relationship with the amount of litigation related to water supply or quality
In K company's Case, the majority of environmental investment occurred in antipollution and pollution treatment activities, and the environmental investment portion of K company's total investment was about 4 to 13%.
The Case company's environmental costs are increasing annually, and it equalled 4 to 10% of the total sales.
As well, the majority of environmental cost for K company were depreciation costs because this company is a fixed installation industry.
In this study, measuring the environmental performance of K company was more difficult than calculating the environmental cost because the concept of environmental performance is not standardized and previous studies do not exist in Korea.
However, we must try to evaluate the environmental performance in the company because it is an efficient means to change the CEO's or management's prejudice that environmental expenditures are just a financial burden on his or her company's activity. As well, the information regarding environmental performance is related to the company's optimum decision making process.
Especially, there is demand for Public company's, such as Case K company, to introduce a system for evaluating social benefits because their activities are closely connected with the public's welfare.
From this point of view, this study analysed whether increased environmental investment and introduction of environmental systems can increase a company's environmental efficiency.
As a result, this study found that introduction of environmental systems and increased environmental investment have a major impact on the company's sustainable development.
The analysis indicated that the environmental investment variable has a close relationship with production quantity, sales, and the amount of sludge treatment variables in K company.
However, all other variables including customer satisfaction, cost of sterilization chemicals, and the expenditure of sludge treatment have no relationship with the environmental investment variable.
Additionally, short-term results show that the company's environmental expenditure variable is conversely related with the environmental performance variable.
Nonetheless, increasing public interest in the environment and for green consumerism must to be considered not as a threat but rather as an opportunity for the company.
This is because, in the long-term, increased environmental investment and environmental performance monitoring systems will help the company improve its' competitiveness through energy-efficiency and cost reduction in the production process as well as by improving customer-satisfaction.
Finally, as with all other empirical studies related to environmental performance, my analysis has limits in that K company has introduced environmental financial system only three year's ago and the related data is not able to show any long-term trends.
목차 (Table of Contents)