初等 學校 環境 敎育의 發展 方向에 관한 硏究 = How to improve the environmental education in elementary school

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to find the direction of development which improve environmental education in elementary school. To accomplish this, foreign environmental education policies and cases were collected, contents connected with environmental education in the seventh curriculum were analyzed, and elementary school teacher's senses about environmental education were investigated.
In the case of foreign counties, they aren't applying to standardized curriculum, controlled by nation, just like korea. But the basic plan and teaching plan in German, environmental education law and a standard in America, national documents about environmental education and promotional guide in England, and a new subject, the study of social and environment in Australia and so on. They are lately reinforcing environmental education through documents and polices with national level, or school subject. And teacher education for school environmental education is the main task in each foreign country, fur the more teachers also are recognizing of an importance of school environmental education and a lot of interesting in that, so they are enlarging teacher's training with various groups as well as government.
In our country environmental education in school began to be discussed from the fourth curriculum. School discretion time(from third to sixth grade, year 34 hours) was made new in sixth curriculum in elementary school, it makes teacher choose and teach environmental education freely also contents connected with environmental education were increased in each subject. And discretion activity is emphasized by year 68 hours(from third to sixth grade) it means the width of discretion, to choose environmental education then teach it, is broadened in the seventh curriculum.
The result of analyzing the contents about environmental education in elementary textbook in seventh curriculum, high grade(from fifth to sixth grade) contained them most in each subject, natural environment field was the first included, by this order environmental pollution, preservative solution, consumptive life was much in contents among environmental education in most grades. Next was the distribution of environmental education field in each subject, most subjects also have natural environment and environmental pollution field a lot. Searching for each subject environmental pollution and environmental ethics were much in Ethics, environmental pollution and preservative solution were much in Social Studies, natural environment and environmental pollution were lot of included in Science.
In survey of questionnaire for the elementary school teacher that senses about environmental education, most teachers are recognizing of the necessity of that highly but teachers who select to and teach environmental education using in discretion time and extracurriculum activity is few because of the lack of teacher training and teaching materials about it. And among the field which the purpose of environmental education, the field of participation, awareness, attitudes values importantly compared with that of knowledges and skills. Then environmental pollution, natural environment, and preservative solution field in contents connected with environmental education take into importantly granted, this result agree to contents that in real curriculum. Also the question about most effective teaching and learning method, the answer is a field study and the question about tasks for the development of environmental education, there are environmental education teaching program, the development and spread of teaching materials, emphasis of public information of it, and expanding of teacher's training opportunities and so on.
The result of this study to find the direction of development which improve environmental education in elementary school can be summarized as follows:
At first, the systematic devices with national level must be strengthened. The Ministry of Education and Human Resources Development and office of education in each city and province should put an official who takes charge of environmental education and secures more budget and manage to this with main task. For the more systematic device, systematically establishing method or new environment educational law for education promotion that fill into main contents, is required to execute education compulsorily more than given time at each school.
The second, it is necessary that school environmental education is linked with social environmental education. School environmental education is better situation such as facilities, education object than social environmental education including environment private groups but is lack of special human resources and methods. So social environmental education can assist to the incomplete things of school environmental education then the combine of two environmental education will be extremely available and develop mutually.
The third, systemic curriculum for environmental education should be made. It's impossible for elementary school students to make new in a single subject but the contents of it have to change repetition of similar contents into gradually and systematically consisted contents. The core contents and fields of environmental education should modify environmental pollution problem in the past into ESSD as well as environmental ethics, sound consumptional education, and environmental sanitary, which has been emphasized for a long time. But our nation isn't recognizing about them we escape from this situation and take new things.
Forth, program for environmental education and teaching materials should be developed and spreaded out. At present there are already programs and teaching materials which made in office of education in city or province, or Ministry of Environment, or environmental groups. But the shortage of advertising of them make teachers use them insufficiently. For preventing this, it can be effective with teaching training of teacher. The program need to more concrete and realistic and textbook also need to systematically made by using in discretion activity time.
Fifth, the opportunities for field study must be expanded. Showing on survey to elementary school teacher, among the field which the purpose of environmental education, the field of participation, awareness, attitudes values importantly compared with that of knowledges and skills, it means field study is a best way for environmental education. Therefore it is necessary that the support with finance and tight cooperation among each institution and group.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차
• I. 서론 = 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 = 1
• 2. 연구 내용과 방법 = 3
• Ⅱ. 환경교육에 관한 이론적 탐색 = 5
• 1. 환경교육의 개념 = 5
• 2. 환경교육의 목적 = 6
• 3. 초등학교 환경교육의 방향 = 8
• Ⅲ. 외국의 환경교육 = 10
• 1. 외국 환경교육의 개념 = 10
• 2. 주요국 환경교육의 개관 = 11
• 3. 외국 환경교육의 시사점 = 17
• Ⅳ. 제7차 교육과정과 환경교육 = 19
• 1. 초등학교 환경교육의 논의 배경 = 19
• 2. 제7차 초등학교 교과서의 환경 관련 내용 분석 = 20
• 3. 환경교육의 효율적인 교수-학습 방법 = 38
• Ⅴ. 초등학교 환경교육에 대한 설문 조사 = 45
• 1. 조사 개요 = 45
• 2. 조사 결과 및 해석 = 47
• Ⅵ. 요약 및 결론 = 56
• 1. 요약 = 56
• 2. 결론 = 57
• 부록 = 59
• 참고문헌 = 64
• Abstract = 66