The ROK-US alliance has been the main force to deter war in the Korean peninsula for the past 50 years, ensuring the national security of the Republic of Korea. However, regional security environment has changed from the new world order after the cold...
The ROK-US alliance has been the main force to deter war in the Korean peninsula for the past 50 years, ensuring the national security of the Republic of Korea. However, regional security environment has changed from the new world order after the cold war and the improved inter-Korean relations, and the new US national security strategy after the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks. The purpose of this study is to conduct both theoretical and practical analyses of the asymmetric ROK-US alliance to understand two recent bilateral military issues. The theoretical review of asymmetric alliance deals with major theoretical conception in order to explain the position of a weaker nation in an alliance: (1)patron-client relation, (2)trade-off model, and (3)alliance dilemma. The asymmetric ROK-US alliance has created at the early stage of alliance formation. The patron-client relation suggested that the stability of Korean peninsula has been maintained mainly due to the military support and unilateral public commitment by the US as a dominant actor until the 1970s. The trade-off model suggested that national security has been ensured by conceding the Korea''s operational control authority in military affairs to the US. During the 1980s, Korea tried to reevaluate her alliance with the US by reducing national autonomy for the sake of her security interests. However, Korea has repeatedly experienced the alliance dilemma between risk of abandonment and fear of entrapment. Recently, the ROK-US alliance is facing new challenges from both domestic and external factors. The substance of these challenges might be reviewed by analysing two security issues; (1)Korea''s further troops dispatch to post-war Iraq, and (2)the US plan to redeploy and reduce her troops stationed in Korea. Sending more troops to Iraq might be putting Korea into the alliance dilemma between fear of abandonment and risk of entrapment. Furthermore, any redeployment of US troops in Korea might be suggesting the more Korea''s autonomy in military affairs. In the future, the ROK-US alliance will be firmly based on the more widely defined bilateral interests. In order to realize the mutually desirable relations, we need to understand the underlying structure of asymmetric alliance.