지움월의 통시적 연구 = (A) Diachronic Study of Negative Sentence in Korean

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study attempted to investigate the profile of the diachronic change of the negative sentence in Korean. Interests in the negative sentence have been heightened due to the transformative (generative) grammar than they have in the traditional grammar. This is due to the logic that the negative sentence is transformed and generated by the insertion and movement of the negative marker. But studies on the negative sentence have been confined to those at the synchronic level, but the results of the diachronic study on negative sentence in Korean have been poor. It can become the method of more objective grammatical description to inquire into the profile of diachronic changes in the negative sentence in Korean whatever grammatical category it is.
From this perspective, this study attempted to make a diachronic investigation into the negative sentence in Korean.
For this discussion, this study set the concept of the negative sentence as follows :
(1) The Concept of Negative Sentence.
A. The negative sentence is the sentence that does not semantically confirm the content of given speech.
B. The negative sentence is premised on affrmative judgement and exhibits the intention to make the affirmative judgement negative.
C. The negative sentence integrates negative markers as the function at category.
Based open this concept, this study divided the system of the negative sentence into the case of making the substantives negative, the case that the negative markers '아니, 못' are used as the adverbs and the case tat they are used as the auxiliary declinable word. This was again set as '아니' and '못' according to the object of the negative.
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(2) The system of negative sentence according to the object of the negative.
Based upon this system, this study attempted to describe the profile of the changes in negative sentences of the 15th, 16th, 17th, 18th and 19th centuries from chapter 3 to chapter 9. It was described by chapter as follows :
Chapter 3 described the bonding. interpretative characteristic and meaning of the negative marker in relation to the negative sentence of the 15th century. The negative markers found in the negative sentence of the 15th century was '아니, 못' and bonded with (21 ㄱ·ㄷ). '-디/-□'of the declinable words -디/-□ 아니□다/��□다/말다 were the ones found in the grammaticalization process of the formal noun '□'. This study attempted to explain this process as the fusion phenomenon.
Seen from the perspective of semantics, the meaning of the negative marker '아니' was seen as having the meaning of [the negative of objective description], [the negative of the Sollen], or the negative of evaluation]. On the contrary, the negative marker '��' was used as [the negative of the ability], [the negative of evaluation] and [the negative of the Sollen].
Chapter 4 discussed the negative sentence of the 16th century. The method of realizing the negative mood of the 16th century did not show a great change compared to that of the 15th century. But compared to the 15th century, the profile of the main change in negative sentence in the 16th could include the point that the negative mood of the type of auxiliary declinable words was widely used, the point that the negative adverb '��' was used in the interrogative words representing an explanation, and the point that the identical negative markers was overlapped in the double negative.
The principal characteristic of the negative sentence in the 17th century discussed in chapter 5 is ,frst of all, that the reduction of '-디□' to -□ 아니/ ��□다 at the interpretive level appeared and the change in the phenomenon of putting constraint on the interrogative sentence in the interrogative mood turned up.
Second, the 17th century can be said to be the period that the usage of '아니' and '��/못' in sematic terms was clearly divided.
Chapter 6 discussed the negative sentence of the 18th century. The profile of the bonding of negative markers in relation to the negative sentence of the 18th century was first, investigated. As a result, the bonding type of auxiliary declinable words were more used than that of adverbs, which can be understood in the same context as that in the 17th century.
Second, there was not a big difference in the relationship of the interrogative mood between the 17th century and the 18th century. Only the confluent phenomenon of the interrogative sentence applies to the negative sentence. Third, the tendency that the domain of '아니' and '못' was semantically clear was true of the negative sentence of the 17th century.
It can be confirmed that the constraint of '못' was even more placed on the double negative sentence than that of '아니'. This reflects that the meaning [sollen, ability evaluation] of '못' was made clearer, and therefore it is estimated that the speaker's intention is disclosed though its meaning is not described with the double negaitive sentence. Fourth, negative colloquial or colloquialism is shown to be formed through the process of becoming the vocabulary.
This process of becoming the vocabulary is judged to have an effect on the formation of colloquialism the next period.
It was shown that the negative sentence of the 19th century dealt with in chapter 7 made no great change compared to that of the 18th century.
There was only the cases that '아니' was changed into '안' in notational terms, that the negative adverb '아니' was much used in the interrogative sentence at the interpretive level. and that negative colloquialism was in the Process of formation. This change was not greatly different from the profile of the change made from the 16th century to the 18th century.
Chapter 8 attempted to describe the profile of the notational change of the negative markers such as '��/못', '-디＞-지', '아니＞안', '아니□다＞않다'.
This study attempted to investigate the profile of the change in the negative sentence from the 15th century to the 19th century. It is not easy to make a factual description of the profile of the grammatical change and make a valid analysis of how such a change took place. For the grammatical change does not diversely take place in terms of phoneme, form and interpretative stratum but differ in terms of its speed.
Changes in phoneme, or interpretative stratum are not so serious in case of the negative sentence. But this study attempted to test such problems as the fusion, confluent process or interpretative analogy of morphemes constituting the negative sentence through the review of the literature material accumulated since the 15th century. More Importance should be attached to the association between changes in a certain grammatical categories and other categories rather than to the fact that changes in a certain grammatical category is made only by the internal factor of the category in this process
For example, it is an attempt to assume this Position to see as the relationship to the objective sentence that the bonding type of auxiliary declinable words is more frequently used in the negative sentence permitting both the bonding type of adverbs and the bonding type of auxiliary declinable words. These problems such as systematicity historicity will have to be proved through more tests in the future.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차 = ⅰ
• Ⅰ. 머리말 = 1
• 1.1. 연구 목적 = 1
• 1.2. 연구 대상 = 3
• 1.3. 연구 방법 = 8
• 1.4. 앞선 연구 = 13
• Ⅱ. 지움월의 개념과 실현 방법 = 17
• 2.1. 지움월과 지움 방법 = 17
• 2.2. 지움월의 짜임새 = 26
• 2.3. 지움의 범위 = 30
• 2.4. 정리 = 37
• Ⅲ. 15세기 지움월 = 38
• 3.1. 지움의 요소 = 38
• 3.2. 15세기 지움월의 통사론적 특성 = 58
• 3.3. 15세기 지움월의 의미 = 78
• 3.4. 정리 = 95
• Ⅳ. 16세기 지움월 = 97
• 4.1. 16세기 지움월의 통사론적 특성 = 98
• 4.2. 16세기 지움월의 의미론적 특성 = 116
• 4.3. 정리 = 120
• Ⅴ. 17세기 지움월 = 122
• 5.1. 17세기 지음월의 통사론적 특성 = 122
• 5.2. 17세기 지음월의 의미론적 특성 = 132
• 5.3. 정리 = 135
• Ⅵ. 18세기 지움월 = 136
• 6.1. 18세기 지움월의 통사론적 특징 = 136
• 6.2. 18세기 지움월의 의미 변화 = 142
• 6.3. 정리 = 149
• Ⅶ. 19세기 지움월 = 150
• 7 1. 19세기 지움월의 통사론적 특징 = 150
• 7.2. 19세기 지움월의 의미론적 특성 = 157
• 7.3. 정리 = 160
• Ⅷ. 지움소 표기의 변화 = 161
• 8.1. 일곱끝소리되기 = 161
• 8.2. 입천장소리되기 = 165
• 8.3. 그밖의 변화 = 166
• 8.4. 정리 = 169
• Ⅸ. 마무리 = 171
• ABSTRACT = 176
• 참고문헌 = 182