갱년기 증상과 고통경험에 관한 연구 = (A) Study of the Climacteric Symptoms and Suffering

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purposes of this study were :
(1) To explore the history of the climacteric in women, giving attention to appearance frequency, symptom degree, times of appearance and disappearance, duration of symptoms, and degrees of attendant suffering.
(2) To identify the relationship between degree of symptoms and attendant suffering.
(3) To identify the differences in degree of suffering from the climacteric between those who have symptoms and those who have had.
(4) To identify the relationships between the duration of symptoms and degrees of attendant suffering.
The subjects in this study were climacteric women aged from 40 to 60, living in Daejeon. They were surveyed from April 21 through July 31, 2003. 67 women data were collected when the climacteric women supplied answers to questionnaires about climacteric symptoms and suffering during individual interviews.
The findings of this study were as follows:
1) The mean menopause age was 49.8. Before menopause, 65.7% experienced menstrual irregularity for between about three andover 36 months, and the rest experienced no menstrual irregularity. The most common period of menstrual pattern irregularity was 12 months (27.3%). The most common duration of climacteric symptom was 36 months (43.3%).
2) The zones that most frequently exhibited climacteric symptoms were vasomotor symptoms(23.0%), psychological symptoms(19.5%), joints pain(19.5%), other symptoms(16.1%), cardiovascular symptoms(15.5%), urogenital symptoms(12.7%), symptoms caused by the loss of collagen(11.0%), and osteological (10.3%). More concretely, the most common symptoms were facial hot flushes (82.0%), knee pains (61.2%), frequent forgetting (53.7%), frequent fatigue (52.2%), and palpitations (47.8%).
As a result of scoring the degree of climacteric symptoms on a 10cm continuous scale, vasomotor symptoms and joint pains (5.5cm) appeared the most severe, followed by cardiovascular and other symptoms (5.3cm), psychological and osteological symptoms (5.2cm), and urogenital and symptoms caused by the loss of collagen (5.0cm). More concretely, the most severe symptom was backache (7.6cm), followed by itching (7.5cm), frequent fatigue (7.4cm), ankle pain (7.0cm), and night sweating (6.9cm).
The climacteric symptoms that appeared first were those caused by the loss of collagen and cardiovascular symptoms (48.7 years), followed by urogenital symptoms (49.1 years), vasomotor and osteological symptoms (49.2 years) psychological symptoms (49.5 years) joint pains (50.0 years), and other symptoms (50.4 years). The symptoms that disappeared first were osteological symptoms (48.5 years), followed by the symptoms caused by the loss of collagen (50.7 years), cardiovascular symptoms (51.6 years), vasomotor symptoms (52.1 years), psychological and urogenital symptoms (52.3years), other symptoms (53.9 years), and joint pain (54.3 years).
The average duration of climacteric symptoms was other symptoms (3.3 years), followed by cardiovascular symptoms (2.9 years), vasomotor symptoms (2.8 years), urogenital symptoms (2.6 years), psychological symptoms (2.4 years), joint pains (2.2 years), symptoms caused by the loss of collagen (1.9years), and osteological symptoms (-0.06 years). More concretely, the most common symptom was sexual interest decrease (6.0 years), followed by sexual pain (5.3 years), numbness (5.0 years), snoring (4.3 years), and heart Pain (4.2 years).
3) As a result of scoring degrees of suffering on from one to 10, they suffered most from joint pains (6.2), followed by vasomotor symptoms (6.0), cardiovascular symptoms (5.5), psychological symptoms (5,3), urogenital symptoms (4.9), osteological and other symptoms (4.5), and symptoms caused by the loss of collagen (4.4). More concretely, the most common symptom was knee pain (7.2), followed by backache (6.9), facial hot flushes (6.7), ankle pain (6.6), and frequent fatigue (6.5).
4) There was a positive correlation between climacteric symptom degree and degree of suffering of the 47 item among the 70 item.
The difference of suffering between those who have vaginal itching and those who have had (Z=-2.589, p=.010＜.05) was statistically significant, as was the difference of degree of suffering between who have loss of teeth and those who have had (Z=-2.589, p=.010＜.05).
The relationship between the degree of suffering and the duration of dizziness was a positive correlation(r= .906, p=.005＜.05) as were the relationships between the degree of suffering and the duration of frequent fatigue(r= .923, p=.009＜.05). The relationship between the degree of suffering and the duration of joints pain(r= -.437, p=.037＜.05) was a negative correlation and the relationships between the degree of suffering and the duration of cardiovascular symptoms(r= .538, p=.039 ＜.05) was a positive correlation.
Finally, symptom degrees and degrees of suffering are differences in degree and quality. The degree of suffering was more influenced by symptom degree than by symptom duration. These results can be used for nursing intervention and care programs for creating better quality of life for climacteric women.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차 = ⅰ
• Ⅰ. 서론 = 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 = 1
• 2. 연구 문제 = 4
• 3. 연구의 목적 = 5
• 4. 용어의 정의 = 6
• Ⅱ. 문헌고찰 = 7
• 1. 갱년기 여성의 삶 = 7
• 2. 갱년기 증상 = 9
• 3. 갱년기 증상과 고통 = 13
• Ⅲ. 연구방법 = 15
• 1. 연구설계 = 15
• 2. 연구대상 = 15
• 3. 자료수집 = 16
• 4. 연구도구 = 16
• 5. 자료분석 방법 = 17
• 6. 연구의 제한점 = 18
• Ⅳ. 연구결과 = 19
• 1. 일반적 특성, 산과적 특성 및 패경 경험과 관련된 특성 = 19
• 2. 폐경 전후 갱년기 증상 발현빈도, 증상 정도, 증상 시작시기, 증상 종료시기, 증상 지속기간 = 25
• 1) 폐경 전후 갱년기 증상 발현빈도 = 25
• 2) 폐경 전후 갱년기 증상 정도 = 26
• 3) 갱년기 증상의 시작시기 = 28
• 4) 갱년기 증상의 종료시기 = 29
• 5) 갱년기 증상 지속기간 = 30
• 6) 혈관운동성 증상군, 정신신경성 증상군, 비뇨생식기 증상군, 교원질 소실로 인한 증상군, 관절의 통증, 골격계 증상군, 심혈관성 증상군, 기타 증상군의 비교 = 32
• 7) 폐경 전후 갱년기 증상 발현과 증상 정도, 증상 시작시기, 증상 종료시기, 증상 지속기간 각각의 순위에 대한 기술 = 36
• ① 폐경 전 갱년기 증상 발현 = 36
• ② 폐경 후 갱년기 증상 발현 = 36
• ③ 폐경 전 갱년기 중상 정도 = 37
• ④ 폐경 후 갱년기 증상 정도 = 37
• ⑤ 갱년기 증상의 시작시기 = 38
• ⑥ 갱년기 증상의 종료시기 = 38
• ⑦ 갱년기 중상의 지속기간 = 38
• 3. 갱년기 증상의 고통경험 = 43
• 1) 갱년기 증상의 고통경험 정도 = 43
• 2) 혈관운동성 증상군, 정신신경성 증상군, 비뇨생식기 증상군, 교원질 소실로 인한 증상군, 관절의 통중, 골격계 증상군, 심혈관성 증상군, 기타 증상군의 비교 = 44
• 3) 갱년기 중상의 고통경험 정도 순위에 대한 기술 = 44
• 4. 갱년기 증상 정도와 고통경험 정도와의 관계 = 46
• 5. 갱년기 증상 계속 여부에 따른 고통경험 정도의 차이 = 51
• 6. 갱년기 증상의 증상 지속기간과 고통경험 정도와의 관계 = 55
• 1) 각 증상별 갱년기 증상 지속기간과 고통경험 정도와의 관계 = 55
• 2) 갱년기 증상군별 중상 지속기간과 고통경험 정도와의 관계 = 59
• Ⅴ. 논의 = 60
• Ⅵ. 결론 및 제언 = 68
• 1. 결론 = 68
• 2. 제언 = 72
• 참고문헌 = 73
• ABSTRACT = 80
• 부록 = 84