이야기를 활용한 집단 미술치료 기법의 효과 = (The) study on the effects of Group Art Therapy combined with Narrative

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to develop Group Art Therapy combined with Narrative and in order to test the effects of it which were applied to people having schizophrenia and spinal handicapped.
To develop it, the literature review was as follows :
First, Art Therapy was described as unverbal communication.
Secondly, after describing the relation between Art Therapy and creativity, "art in a therapy" and "art as a therapy" were compared and described to learn the concept and development of Art Therapy.
Next, Purpose and merits of Group At Therapy were described.
Fourthly, Meaning, function and structure of narrative were defined. In addition, "consciousness" , "imagining", "story-telling" and "understanding" were described.
Lastly, the approaches of Group Art Therapy combined with narrative were psycho-analysis, Jung's analytical Psychology, humanism, cognitive, constructivism, Gestalt.
The development of the techniques of Group Art therapy combined with narrative were as follows :
First, in characteristic and structure of it, narrative and object as environment, separating, combination, integrating and "experience as the subject" were described.
Next, to show the theme-centered techniques, the meaning, the factors and contents of theme related to the aims of therapy, and the technique through the approach ways were described.
Third, the process progressing it was explained and three types of contents were programmed by its technique
The conclusions that were applied to people who had schizophrenia and spinal handicapped were as follows :
First, The combination of the theme, the picture, and the reconstructed narrative through integrating environment in interactions of group members was effective to help adaptation and growth of Self in environment. In addition, this techniques helped that Art Therapy was far from the real life due to vagueness of cognitive and fantasy which improved communication skills.
Next, the construction and the plot of the narrative combined with pictures could imply identity and sociality of group members according to the theme or approaches. Partial stimulus of language by the theme was actualized as imaginative power capable of constructing narrative. When this technique was applied to spinal handicapped people, the technique was very effective to help them sublimate their anger, strengthen positive sense of self and adapt to the society well.
Thirdly, the theme given by therapist was used to make group members tell various narratives about one theme and help them experience those narratives indirectly for insight.
Fourthly, the metaphor approach that the therapist worked by pictures, narratives, characters and all narrative pictures of group members in a externalization, a question, understanding, and analysis was effective. Then it was concluded that the way that all pictures were put on the wall had positive effects.
Then, the approach that the separation of a emotion and a cognitive helped to separate a problem and a person was effective to integrate ego and self in environment. So the separation and the combination that the externalization of the emotion through unconsciousness and the reconstruction of the cognitive through consciousness of it worked in parts of inside and outside of person in environment were effective therapeutically. The theme, the picture and the narrative were used as tools of them.
Lastly. skills of the narrative in Group Art Therapy art were worked effectively. It could have group members curiosity and interest as a narrative which was constructed clearly for them to see through.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차 = ⅱ
• Ⅰ. 서론 = 1
• 1. 연구의 의의 = 1
• 2. 연구의 목적과 내용 = 3
• 3. 연구의 방법 및 절차 = 4
• Ⅱ. 이야기를 활용한 집단 미술치료기법의 이론적 기저 = 5
• 1. 비언어적 의사소통으로서의 미술치료 = 5
• 2. 미술치료의 개념과 발전 = 7
• 1) 미술치료와 창조성 = 7
• 2) 미술치료의 발전 : 치료와 창조적 측면 = 10
• 3. 집단 미술치료의 목적과 장점 = 13
• 4. 이야기의 방법적 활용 = 17
• 1) 이야기(narrative)의 의미 = 17
• 2) 이야기의 기능 = 19
• 3) 이야기의 구조 = 23
• 4) 의식과 상상하기 = 24
• 5) 이야기하기와 이해하기 = 25
• 5. 이야기를 활용한 집단 미술치료의 접근 = 33
• 1) 정신 역동적 접근 = 33
• 2) 대상 관계적 접근 = 34
• 3) 융의 분석적 접근 = 37
• 4) 인간중심적 정의 = 41
• 5) 인지주의적 접근 = 44
• 6) 구성주의적 접근 = 51
• 7) 게슈탈트적 접근 (한국미술치료학회, 1997) = 53
• Ⅲ. 이야기를 활용한 집단 미술치료 기법의 개발 = 55
• 1. 집단 미술 치료의 특성과 구조 = 55
• 1) 환경으로서의 대상과 이야기 = 56
• 2) 분리하기 : 이 과정은 개인 내적인 작용이다 = 59
• 3) 연합과 통합하기 = 62
• 4) 주체(the subject)로서 경험하기 = 66
• 2. 주제중심기법과 내용 = 68
• 1) 주제의 의미 = 68
• 2) 치료목표에 따른 주제의 요소와 내용 = 71
• 3) 접근 방법에 따른 기법 = 73
• 3. 집단 미술 치료의 전개과정 = 74
• 4. 프로그램의 구성 = 79
• Ⅳ. 이야기를 활용한 집단 미술치료 기법의 적용 = 83
• 1. 제 1 사례: 정신분열증 환자 대상 = 83
• 1) 적용기간과 기관, 대상의 특성 = 83
• 2) 적용 목표와 구성 요소 = 84
• 3) 적용 결과 = 85
• 2. 제 2 사례: 정신분열증 환자 대상 = 98
• 1) 적용 기간과 기관, 대상의 특성 = 98
• 2) 적용 목표와 구성 요소 = 98
• 3) 적용 결과 = 98
• 3. 제 3 사례: 척수장애인 대상 = 102
• 1) 적용기간과 기관, 대상의 특성 = 102
• 2) 적용 목표와 구성 요소 = 103
• 3) 적용 결과 : 세션 분석 = 104
• Ⅴ.결론 및 제언 = 121
• 1. 논의 = 121
• 2. 결론 = 128
• 3. 제언 = 130
• 참고문헌 = 132
• 부록 = 139
• ABSTRACT = 167