韓國 上古時代 爐施設 硏究 : 湖南地域을 中心으로(Focusing on The Honam Area) = A Study of The furnace in ancient Korea

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

It has been well known that the function of the furnace is cooking, heating, and lighting. Besides, the furnace was part of the very important housing culture.
The purpose of this paper is to grasp relations between the furnace forms and the dwelling structure, how they are transformed as times goes, and to analyze a pattern of the fire places excavated in the Honam area, during the ancient ages(上古時代); the Paleolithic age, the Neolithic age, the Bronze age, the early Iron age, the proto-Threekingdoms, and the Threekingdoms. The Honam areas are divided into six region according to the boundary of mountains and rivers ; eastern-inland, western-inland, eastern-coast, western-coast, eastern-islands, western-islands.
For this work, first of all, I divided the type and the space-distribution of the furance, as well as the structure of the pit houses. The types of the furnace can be divided largely into four types according to the position ; the inner furnace, exterior furnace, outdoor furnace, and portable furnace. And I subdivied into nine types of the inner furnace in terms of the structure aspects, the shape of the plane, and materials; 1), the floor type(平地式), the pit type(수혈식), 3)the type of the surrounding with stones(圍石式), 4)the type of the surrounding with clays(圍土式), 5)the type of the accumulating with stones(集石式), 6)the ground type(地上式), 7)the type of the laying with stones(敷石式), 8)the furnace type, 9)the tunnel type.
The second, I analyze transition of the space-construction in the inner furnace in terms of the structure aspects and exterior furnace of the dwelling house. Namely, The inner furnace are divided according to the patterns of the position ; I type(the middle), II type(the omnipresence), III type(the wall corner), IV type, V type(the division). The exterior furnace is divided largely two types, I type and II type, according to the situations of the dewlling site or not, and subdivided eight types in terms of the the distribution aspects of furnace and space patterns ; I A, I B, I C, I D, II A, 11 B, II C.
The summary is follows in periods ; The first, In the Paleolithic age, it is not established settlement, and that the moment furnace is `the floor type' and `the pit type' with hunting, gathering, and fishing. In the Neolithic age, in spite of a settlement was established, was continnued the movement life, and that the moment furnace is 'the type of the accumulating with stones' founded the major portion exterior furnace of the dwelling house. The pattern of exterior furnace is I type chiefly.
In the Bronze age, the first period is assumed to establish a permanent agrarian settlement. The moment furnace is 'the pit type' and 'the type of the surrounding with stones', and that the furnace is established more than one per house. In mid-period of the Bronze age, dwelling patterns is dominant over Songgungni-Type settlement with ellipse shape hole in the center of the dwelling. The furnace is not made any more, warmming and cooking is utilized through the exterior furnace jointly. In the third period, the furnace is established in the dwelling over again. In the early Iron age and third-period of the Bronze age was much nearly the same.
In the proto-Threekingdoms, The biggest difference between furnace and hearth of the previous age was the kettle-hanger on which kettle was hung. As the result, I demonstrate that the patterns of the furnace and the dwelling structure differs from difference of the regional aspects and periods. In addition, there seems to exist differences in the kettle-hanger(솥걸이부) and pottery- support(支脚).
In the last, Threekingdoms was time of important transition and change in the furnace and settlement patterns. Namely, the family were divided according to the sex and age by the partition and furnace of tunnel type. But, until the present time, it is difficult to examine that one.
As the result, with the lapse of the period, the furnace is ingenuitied and exquisited in the constructural aspects. As well as the inner furnace is changed from I type to V type. After the early Iron age the exterior furnace is not established any more roughly. Futher careful studies are necessary to investigate the origin that continuously been excavated throughout the area of the Honam.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차
• ABSTRACT
• I. 序論 = 1
• 1. 硏究史 = 1
• 2. 硏究目的과 方法 = 5
• 3. 時間性과 空間性의 設定 = 6
• II. 爐의 形式과 分布樣相 = 12
• 1. 爐의 槪念과 形式 分類 = 12
• 1) 內部爐 = 15
• 2) 外部爐 = 21
• 3) 野外爐 = 22
• 4) 移動爐 = 24
• 2. 爐의 時代別 分布樣相 = 25
• 1) 舊石器時代 = 25
• 2) 新石器時代 = 28
• 3) 靑銅器時代 = 36
• 4) 初期鐵器時代 = 44
• 5) 原三國時代 = 46
• 6) 三國時代 = 59
• III. 爐를 통해본 文化의 樣相 = 66
• 1. 爐와 環境의 相關性(地域圈 및 立地類型) = 66
• 2. 爐와 住居構造의 相關性 = 69
• 1) 平面 = 69
• 2) 規模 = 71
• 3) 竪穴 = 74
• 4) 其他 = 77
• 3. 爐의 空間的 變遷 = 79
• 1) 野外爐 = 79
• 2) 內部爐 = 83
• IV. 爐를 통해본 住居文化의 變遷 = 90
• 1. 舊石器時代 = 90
• 2. 新石器時代 = 91
• 3. 靑銅器時代 = 92
• 4. 初期鐵器時代 = 96
• 5. 原三國時代 = 97
• 6. 三國時代 = 98
• V. 結論 = 100
• [그림] = 103
• [參考文獻] = 109
• [부록] = 117