학부모의 사회계층에 따른 초등학생의 사교육 실태 분석

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study is designed to look into and make an analysis of the actual conditions of the private education of elementary school students in accordance with their parents' social class with a view to determining the characteristics of private education playing a key role in Korean education. The researcher came up with the following problems of the research.
First, how much do students take part in private education in accordance with the parents' social class?
Second, how does their preference of private education in accordance with the parents' social class differ?
Third, is there any difference in the expenses of private education in accordance with the parents' social class?
Fourth, how does the subjects' understanding of private education in accordance with the parents' social class vary?
With these in mind, the researcher worked with a total of 703 parents of fourth graders and sixth graders in the region of Changwon, South Kyeongsang Province with the help of questionnaires.
All the analyses depended on SPSS 10.0 for Windows. With the help of the analysis, the researcher came to the following conclusions.
First, private education in Korea is not provided for everyone in terms of the equality of opportunities in spite of the conventional wisdom that Korean private education has become a universal phenomenon. In reality, the rich can benefit much from private education for they can afford to it for the higher one's social class is, the more time and money are spent. There is a great difference in the expenses of private education in accordance with social class. 83 percent of the subjects said that the current expenses of private education are very or quite burdensome, adding that there was no difference in social class in terms of the high expenses of private education.
Second, the majority of Korean private education is occupied by Hakwon(private educational institutes designed to make students prepared for the entrance exams) and daily study paper, which are closely related to the education of foreign languages and the enhancement of scholastic aptitude rather than art and P.E. In case of the higher graders, the phenomenon is worsened, which is a side product of the educational system focusing on college entrance exams due to this scholarship-oriented society. The higher one's class is, the more expenses are spent for 'Kwaoi' or private tutoring and the more confidence the subjects have in the effects of high expenses.
Third, many of the subjects said that their resorting to private education is attributable to the educational system, the Korean Scholastic Aptitude Test and a high tendency to be scholarship-oriented. They formed a negative view on the realities of Korean education in terms of the fact that a lot of families have ever thought about a possibility for going abroad to study. This is responsible for the heat of private education and most of the subjects think that private education exerts an influence on school life. They link their grievance over public education with an increase in private education, pointing to the substantiality of school education as a vehicle for reducing the expenses of private education.
Most Koreans regard education as one of the most important instruments for changing social class. It may be necessary to insure balanced educational opportunities and uniformed curricula as a means of supporting this. Yet, private education has brought about a lot of changes in this kind of usual course. The educational opportunities provided by society vary in accordance with the classes or economic statuses of families. The parents find it necessary to equip their children with abilities and talents required by higher social classes, depending on private education rather than public education and complaining of the weak points of school education and the Korean educational system. All in all, it is regrettable that public schools should serve as an indirect instrument of private education for the cause of recreating social classes.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차
• SUMMARY
• I. 서론 = 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 = 1
• 2. 연구의 목적 및 연구 문제 = 3
• 3. 연구의 제한점 = 4
• II. 이론적 배경 = 5
• 1. 사회계층의 개념과 분류 = 5
• 2. 사회계층과 교육과의 관계 = 7
• 3. 사교육의 개념과 특성 = 11
• 4. 선행 연구 고찰 = 15
• III. 연구 방법 = 17
• 1. 표집대상 = 17
• 2. 조사도구 = 17
• 3. 자료처리 = 19
• IV. 연구결과 및 해석 = 21
• 1. 연구대상 = 21
• 2. 사회계층 분류 = 21
• 3. 초등학생의 사교육 참여 = 23
• 4. 초등학생들의 사교육 선호도 = 31
• 5. 초등학생의 사교육비 = 34
• 6. 사교육에 대한 인식 = 41
• V. 요약 및 결론 = 52
• 1. 요약 = 52
• 2. 결론 = 55
• 참고문헌 = 58
• 설문지 = 60