駕莫灣의 理化學的 環境特性과 堆積物에서의 物質 擧動 硏究 = A study on physico-chemical environmental characteristics and the behavior of materials in sediment in Kamak Bay

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In order to evaluate the marine environment conditions of Kamak Bay located in the southern part of Korea, the index of pollution materials in seawater was measured and the pollution history of metals in sediments were constructed as well.
The characteristics of water mass were identified as using the relationship of temperature and salinity. There were divided into three water masses. One was that it would be formed in the northern part of bay, Soho, where was periodically formed the hypoxic water in the bottom water during the summer periods. Another was mixed water between Kwangyang and Yeosu coastal water that was flowed through northeastern channels and the others was offshore water mass through the mouth of the southern part of bay. The water column was vertically well mixed in all seasons.
In the long-term variation of seawater quality, the concentrations of COD are increasing since mid 1980s., and DIP are gradually increasing since 1990s. In the case of DIN, the concentrations were less than 0.05 ㎎/L in the early time of 1980s, however, these are showing gradually increasing since 1980s. The horizontal distributions of COD, DIP and DIN were high in the northern part area, Soho and northeastern part, Yeosu port of Kamak Bay, where influenced by civic sewages and wastewater. The low ratio of DIN/DIP than the Redfield ratio in the survey periods indicated that the productivities of phytoplankton appears to be limited by the lack of N-nutrients.
The long-term variation of COD concentration in sediments showed high the mean values of 23.58 ㎎/g·dry at July 1994 and 26.50 ㎎/g·dry at March 1998 respectively. The horizontal distributions showed relatively high concentration in the north western inner part of Kamak Bay. This result might be related to the accumulation of organic matters in sediment due to the weak of seawater circulation and the bowel shape of bottom.
The bottom flux of organic carbon was 77.3 gC/㎡·yr at Soho, 63.8 gC/㎡·yr at fish farm, 58.7 gC/㎡·yr at oyster farm and 47.2 gC/㎡·yr at the central area of bay respectively. Bottom flux of ammonia was estimated to be 188.75 mmol/㎡·yr, 132.29 mmol/㎡·yr at fish farm, 73.83 mmol/㎡·yr at oyster farm and 128.74 mmol/㎡·yr at control station, respectively. Bottom flux of phosphate was estimated to be 5.45 mmol/㎡·yr, 2.97 mmol/㎡·yr at fish farm, 2.18 mmol/㎡·yr at oyster farm and 6.67 mmol/㎡·yr at control station, respectively.
The concentration of trace metals in the surface sediments were slightly high value in Yeosu port and northern part of bay, which have influenced by civic pollutants. Also accumulation rates were highly values in these area, it is considered that the main resource of trace metals were related to adjecent urban community.
Sedimentation rates were the highest value of 1.14 cm/yr average: 0.91 cm/yr at oyster farm, and the turbulence of surface layer showed actively than the other area.
Cupper, Zn and Pb, which are representive elements for index of heavy metal pollution, showed to gradually be increased since the middle of 1970s in the northern area of Kamak bay. The enrichment factors of Zn and Pb were 1 and/or over at the lowest depth in the corer sample, this suggest that sediment pollution has been proceeding before the end of 1960s.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 目次 = i
• List of Tables = ⅳ
• List of Figures = ⅴ
• Ⅰ. 序論 = 1
• 1. 연구배경 및 필요성 = 1
• 2. 연구목적 = 2
• 3. 연구해역의 개황 = 3
• 가. 지리적특성 = 4
• 나. 해수유동 = 4
• 1) 조석 = 4
• 2) 조류 = 5
• 다. 하천현황 = 6
• 라. 양식현황 = 7
• Ⅱ. 材料및 方法 = 10
• 1. 시료채취 및 전처리 = 10
• 2. 분석방법 = 12
• 가. 해수 = 12
• 1) 일반항목 (수온, 염분, DO, COD, 영양염류, 클로로필a, POC, PON) = 12
• 2) 미량금속원소 = 13
• 나. 퇴적물 = 13
• 1) 일반항목 (IL, COD, AVS, TOC) = 13
• 2) 공극수 추출 및 영양염류 = 13
• 3) 미량금속원소 = 14
• 4) 210^Pb 분석 및 퇴적율 추정 = 14
• 5) 유기탄소의 플럭스 추정 = 16
• 6) 영양염의 저층 플럭스 추정 = 18
• Ⅲ. 結果및 考察 = 20
• 1. 해수중 이화학적성분의 분포특성 = 20
• 가. 수온 및 염분의 분포 = 20
• 나 용존산소 (DO) 및 화학적산소요구량 (COD)의 분포 = 28
• 다. 영양염류의 분포 = 33
• 1) 용존무기질소 (DIN) = 33
• 2) 용존무기인 (DIP) = 36
• 3) 규산규소 (SiO_2 -Si) = 39
• 라. 입자유기물질의 분포 = 39
• 마. 클로로필a 분포 = 45
• 바. 해역별 수온, 염분, 용존산소의 시공간적 분포특성 = 48
• 사. COD, DIN, DIP의 장기변동 특성 = 52
• 아. 성분 상호간의 관계 = 56
• 2. 퇴적물의 이화학적성분 분포특성 = 62
• 가. 강열감량 (IL) = 62
• 나. 화학적산소요구량 (COD) = 65
• 다. 산휘발성황화물 (AVS) = 68
• 라. 입자유기탄소 (POC) 및 질소 (PON) = 71
• 3. 미량금속성분의 분포특성 = 73
• 가. 해수중 미량금속성분의 수평분포 = 73
• 나. 표층퇴적물중 미량금속성분의 수평분포 = 79
• 다. 미량금속성분의 농축인자 = 83
• 라. 주상퇴적물중 미량금속성분의 수직분포 = 85
• 4. 해수/퇴적물 계면에서 물질 거동 = 91
• 가. 유기탄소의 분화플럭스 = 91
• 나. 영양염류의 저층플럭스 = 96
• 다. 미량금속원소의 축적율 추정 = 98
• 라. 퇴적속도 추정 = 105
• 마. 오염역사 추정 = 108
• Ⅳ. 綜合考察 = 114
• Ⅴ. 結論 = 119
• Ⅵ. 參考文獻 = 121
• Abstract = 131