애착이론과 자아분화이론의 유사성에 관한 연구 = A Similarity Study on Theory of Attachment & Self-Differentiation

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This Thesis is for an client and his/her family who want to consult effectively to heal. The therapeutic theories are assumed on different mutual assistance, cooperation and different academic background. However, those theories, which do not contain any similarities, come from different starting point, so they can be assumed that it has similarities on the side to understand human being. Therefore, this thesis will inquire the above hypothesis through the theory of attachment by Bowlby within development psychology and self-differentiation in family system theory.
This study is examined similarities between two theories dividing marital relations, parents-children relations, transition of generations, cultural aspects, and therapeutic necessity used by preceding studies. Each aspect in the studies is not independent, but both theories include some similarities as they are related. The marital relations are researched through a theory of attachment with a developmental point of view in a person's entire life and nuclear family emotional system of self-differentiation. Also, parents-children relations and transition of generations are studied through the theory of attachment which emphasizes qualitative characteristics of parents' attachment and the attachment is bequeathed to generations in accordance with the attitude of bringing up. For detailed resources, it is illustrated with triangles, family projection process, and multiple generation transmission process from Bowen. On the cultural aspects, both theories are argued assuming that there will be a lot of problems, which emphasize cohesion rather than independence, due to excessive close adherence coming from Korean characteristics. Finally, it is suggested a therapeutic unification of both theories as the aim for therapy in order to change the internal working model and to improve self-differentiation level of theory of self-differentiation.
The followings are the similar characteristics between those two theories. In the theory of attachment, an infant can be discovered through interactions with the mother of an early stage in lifetime and the internal working model to an object of attachment. While the infant is growing, it is continuously related with development of emotion, society, and human knowledge. Therefore, these attachment types affect directly on spouse type and parenting attitude so it descends from generation to generation. Bowen also emphasizes that the outstanding problems from family of origin and spouse type and parenting attitude which are similar with parents' self-differentiation level of parents are descended as well.
The writer's opinions can be summarized by two main points. First, the writer insists that there are a lot of similarities in concept of attachment and independence as well as togetherness and individuality in preceding researches. Second, as it is defined in self-differentiation theory, healthy and higher self-differentiation person can be described such as a person who is balanced between togetherness and individuality. At the same time, a person who configures stable attachment is also defined as a person who is balanced between attachment and independence. Although both theories do have different theoretical backgrounds between individual psychology and family therapy, both theories include a same angle to inquiry human and same approach for individual and family problems.
Thus, this thesis shows that individual counselling and family counselling are not antagonistic but can be inter-complement. It also expand to cover the usability and appropriateness for problem solving.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차
• I. 서론
• 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 = 1
• 2. 연구 방법 및 범위 = 5
• II. Bowlby의 애착이론
• 1. 애착의 개념과 특성 = 7
• 2. Bowbly의 애착이론 = 8
• III. Bowen의 가족치료 이론
• 1. Bowen의 가족체계이론 = 11
• 2. Bowen이론의 핵심개념들 = 12
• IV. 애착이론과 자아분화 이론의 비교
• 1. 부부관계의 측면 = 15
• (1) 애착-전생애적 발달 관점에서의 애착 = 16
• (2) 자아분화-핵가족의 정서체계 = 18
• 2. 부모-자녀 상호관계 = 21
• (1) 애착-부모의 애착의 질적 특성에 따른 양육태도 = 22
• (2) 자아분화-삼각관계 와 가족투사과정 = 24
• 3. 세대간 전이 = 27
• (1) 애착-세대간 전이 = 27
• (2) 자아분화-다세대정서전수과정 = 30
• 4. 문화적 차이 = 32
• (1) 애착-문화적 차이에 따른 애착 정도 = 33
• (2) 자아분화-사회적 정서과정 = 34
• V.애착이론과 자아분화이론의 치료적 통합 가능성
• (1) 애착-내적 작동모델의 변화 = 37
• (2) 자아분화-자아분화수준 향상 = 42
• VI. 결론 및 제언 = 47
• 참고문헌 = 51
• ABSTRACT = 58