貧困兒童 學業成就志向性의 決定要因에 관한 實證的 硏究 : 國民基礎生活保障受給家庭을 대상으로 = (An)empirical study on determining factors of poverty children's academic achievement orientation

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to explore various environmental factors that explain poverty children's academic achievement orientation. Those factors considered are general characteristics of poor family, stress perceived by the mother, mother's child rearing behavior. In this study, it is hypothesized that characteristics of poor family, stress perceived by the mother, and mother's child rearing behavior may have direct and/or indirect effects on children's academic achievement orientation.
A total of 114 poor mothers with a child attending elementary school in Seoul completed a structured questionnaire. The data from the questionnaire was analyzed with the statistical methods such as mean, standard deviation, t- test, one-way ANOVA, correlation, and regression, by using SAS program. Path analysis was used to determine variables influencing the academic achievement orientation of poverty children in low- income families under the National Basic Livelihood Security System. The major findings of this study are as follows:
First, mothers' stress perception, warmth- acceptance child rearing behavior, and rejection- restriction child rearing behavior are found to have significant direct influence on children's achievement orientation. The permissive- nonintervention style of child rearing was not significant.
Second, among characteristics of the poor family, the level of education of poor mothers indirectly affected children's sense of superiority through rejection- restriction child rearing behavior. Mothers' state of employment was positively related to both dimensions of children's academic achievement orientation via stress perception and child rearing behavior. The family income had a negative impact via warmth- acceptance child rearing behavior on the children's education.
Third, poor mothers experienced a moderate level of stress which is strongly related to children's academic achievement orientation. The level of stress directly affected children's sense of confidence. Stress was also found to have indirect effects on both dimensions of children's academic achieve me nt orientation through child rearing behavior.
Fourth, this study showed that the private lesson is an universal phenomenon in Korea. Even the poorest families were spending a considerable mount of money on the extracurricular activities. The amount of income spent on the private lesson affected through the warmth- acceptance child rearing behavior on both dimensions of children's academic achievement orientation.
The results obtained from the study confirm that the environmental factors play important roles in determining indirectly the children's academic achievement orientation, with the mediating role of stress perception and child rearing behavior of mothers in poverty. Therefore, to enhance the poverty children's academic achievement, social welfare policies designed to provide poor families with the support and education programs are needed.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차 = ⅰ
• 제1장 서론 = 1
• 제1절 연구문제 및 연구 목적 = 1
• 제2절 연구 대상 및 범위 = 8
• 제3절 연구 방법 = 13
• 제2장 빈곤 아동의 학업성취지향성에 관한 문헌 고찰 = 15
• 제1절 국민기초생활보장제도의 개관 = 15
• 1. 국민기초생활보장법 제정 배경 = 15
• 2. 국민기초생활보장법의 주요내용 = 18
• 3. 2001년도 국민기초생활보장 수급자 실태 = 22
• 4. 국민기초생활보장제도의 성과와 시행상의 문제점 = 25
• 제2절 빈곤계층의 교육환경 및 영향요인 = 30
• 1. 사회계층에 따른 교육 불평등 = 30
• 2. 빈곤층의 아동 교육 = 34
• 제3절 이론적 고찰과 선행연구 = 41
• 1. 인간발달과 환경 = 41
• 2. 양육행동이론 = 46
• 3. 스트레스 = 51
• 4. 빈곤문화이론 = 55
• 제3장 연구모형과 조사 설계 = 58
• 제1절 연구모형과 가설의 설정 = 58
• 1. 연구모형 = 58
• 2. 가설의 설징 = 60
• 제2절 변수의 조작적 정의와 측정 = 65
• 제3절 표본의 선정 및 자료의 분석 방법 = 69
• 1. 표본의 선정 및 자료수집 방법 = 69
• 2. 자료분석방법 = 69
• 제4장 실증분석의 결과와 해석 = 71
• 제1절 기초자료분석 결과 = 71
• 제2절 가설검증 = 74
• 1. 변수들 간의 상관관계 = 74
• 2. 가설검증의 결과 분석 = 77
• 3. 경로분석 = 83
• 제5장 결론과 논의 = 93
• 참고문헌 = 101
• 설문지 = 123
• ABSTRACT = 131