환경친화적 도로노선 선정을 위한 정량적 평가기법 개발에 관한 연구 = Study on the development of quantitative assessment method to select environment-friendly roadway

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

EIA(Environmental Impact Assessment) in Korea has been developed since the early 1980's. But people's concern about the EIA system divulged many problems of the system since 1990.
One of the most urgent problems to be solved is the introduction of strategic assessment. There is great difficulty to ensure the effectiveness of EIA because EIA is performed after the fixing of crucial factors of a development project such as site, road line and size.
For some public construction projects, there is a system to hear the opinion of Ministry of Environment. But this system is not activated due to the lack of subsidiary tools such as a guideline for review of EIS(Environmental Impact Statement). Especially for road construction occupying about 40% of projects accompanying EIA, there is no system, guideline or research on development of an EIA methodology to confirm the impact on the environment at the early stage of project planning. Research has been carried out on this problem and improvement of EIA methodology for roadway construction is presented. It is suggested that: i) a dichotomized structure be set up to determine the road line first and then perform EIA; ii) a comprehensive analysis method be developed to compare the environmental impacts of various alternatives; iii) EIA methodology considering characteristics of local, urban-planning and highway roads be developed; iv) post-EIA management via confirmation of predicted results and analysis of reasons of discrepancy between predicted results and observed results be improved.
Most of all, the development of a guideline to investigate the impact on the environment during the line selection step has been accomplished. Thus, 9 major categories(topography/geology, flora and fauna, land use, air quality, water quality, noise/vibration, visual impact, population/housing, cultural assets) were extracted from 23 EIA categories and essential supplement request items for environmental friendly road selection. To select environmental friendly roads, many alternatives should be compared and the assessment of each alternative must be carried out on the basis of these 9 categories. The optimal line must be selected by a comprehensive assessment considering the 9 categories. There was much difficulty in reaching a resonable conclusion. To solve this problem, research on a quantitative system of EIA methodology was carried out. The selected method was AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) which simplifies the complex problems utilizing hierarchy, quantifying qualitative problems through 1:1 comparison, and extracting objective conclusions by maintaining consistency.
As a result, a GUI-based program was developed which provides basic values of weighted parameters of each category defined by specialists, and a quantification of detailed assessment guidelines to ensures consistency.
Characteristics, limitations and future research topics are as follows :
·There was some doubt whether the acquisition of data required by this quantitative system would be available at the early stage of basic design. However, a studies of recent cases revealed that such a problem is rather minimal.
·Users are not able to introduce biased results without sufficient data because the weighted values and guidelines may be confirmed instantaneously within the program.
·Objectivity is confirmed because the program can check for consistency of input data.
·For assessment of various alternatives on the basis of each category, subjective decisions by users are excluded by maximum quantification of the detailed guideline.
· The time required to select the environmental friendly road is shortened while being objective, which allows for reasonable explanations for the selection.
·There is a need to improve the program for special projects requiring more than the 6 given categories.
·There is another need to quantify the detailed guideline because users who are not specialists may not be able to decide the proper items when a category has several detailed guidelines or is qualitative.
·The most optimal road can must not only consider environmental factors but also economical, technological, and safety factors. So, a more comprehensive quantitative research on EIA methodology will be needed in the future because this research was focused only on the environment.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차
• 표목차 = iv
• 그림목차 = vi
• Abstract = viii
• I. 서론 = 1
• 1.1 연구 배경 및 목적 = 1
• 1.2 연구체계 및 범위 = 4
• II. 문헌 연구 = 6
• 2.1 환경영향평가제도 = 6
• 2.1.1 환경영향평가 제도의 개요 = 6
• 2.1.2 우리나라의 환경영향평가 = 13
• 2.2 도로건설사업과 환경영향평가 = 26
• 2.2.1 도로건설사업 추진체계 = 26
• 2.2.2 노선선정절차 및 고려사항 = 29
• 2.2.3 외국 도로건설사업의 환경성 고려 동향 = 33
• 2.3 의사결정 정량화 기법 = 39
• 2.3.1 환경의사결정 (Environmental Decision Making) = 40
• 2.3.2 의사결정모델 = 42
• 2.3.3 AHP법 = 43
• III. 연구방법 = 47
• 3.1 연구 수행방법 및 분석대상 선정 = 47
• 3.1.1 연구 수행방법 = 47
• 3.1.2 연구 분석대상 선정 = 49
• 3.2 환경성평가 지침 개발방법 = 52
• 3.3 정량화시스템 개발방법 = 53
• IV. 환경영향평가서 검토현황 분석결과 = 55
• 4.1 협의기간 = 55
• 4.2 평가항목 = 61
• 4.3 항목별 검토의견 = 68
• 4.4 사례분석 = 82
• 4.5 도로건설사업 환경영향평가의 문제점 및 발전방향에 대한 고찰 = 91
• V. 노선선정단계에서의 환경성평가 지침 개발 = 96
• 5.1 환경성평가 지침(안) 설정 = 97
• 5.2 설문을 통한 검증 = 97
• 5.3 환경성평가 지침 = 101
• 5.3.1 환경성평가 총괄 = 101
• 5.3.2 항목별 평가 지침 = 102
• VI. 정량적 평가기법 개발 = 106
• 6.1 정량적 평가기법 개발 개요 = 106
• 6.1.1 평가항목의 선정 = 107
• 6.1.2 계층도 작성 = 109
• 6.1.3 평가항목별 가중치 설정 = 110
• 6.2 정량화시스템 개발 = 112
• 6.2.1 노선선정 환경성평가 정량화시스템 실행 = 115
• 6.2.2 메인 화면 = 116
• 6.2.3 사용자 항목별 가중치 설정 = 117
• 6.2.4 항목별 후보노선 평가 = 119
• 6.2.5 프로그램 실행 = 120
• 6.3 프로그램의 적용 = 121
• 6.3.1 항목별 가중치 = 121
• 6.3.2 항목별 노선대안의 평가 = 123
• 6.3.3 적용 결과 및 고찰 = 129
• VII. 결론 = 133
• 참고문헌 = 139
• 부록 = 147