한국과 중국 대학생의 유교 가치관에 대한 비교연구

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

China, Korea, Japan and other South Eastern Asian countries are generally regarded as a Confucian country. Confucian culture of these nations have continuously gained interest and were the subject of concern for both Eastern and Western scholars. Marx Weber, stated that Chinese Confucian culture prevented capitalistic economy from booming in China and a lot of scholars tried to find the reason for rapid economical development and growth in South East Asia in Confucian culture itself. In the 1990's, during the Asian Financial crisis, criticism concerning the Confucian culture started to rise again. However, a lot of Confucian countries including China, Korea and Japan started to adopt modern Western culture. Today, I wonder how dominantly Confucian cultures effect the countries in South East Asia, as indicated by the scholars. Especially, I wonder how many of the students in their 20's have these traditional Confucian values in them. When we talk about "Confucian countries" it seems that countries like China, Korea, Japan and other South Western countries are still influenced dominantly by these values. Especially, among the various "Confucian countries", China and Korea conduct most active interchange of Confucian culture and we often believe that Chinese and Korean Confucian culture is very similar to each other. But when we examine the failure cases of Korean business men who adopted Korean business culture to companies in China, we can clearly see that there are significant difference between the Confucian cultures of China and Korea. Also, we established a preconception stating that China and Korea are very similar to one other due to this, thus resulting in inefficient understanding of the differences between these two nations. I believe that this preconception of believing these two nations are similar, obstructed the co-understanding between these two nations. Then, what kind of similarities and differences exist between the two Confucian cultures in China and Korea? In this study, with these questions in mind, we established a survey questionnaire containing questions reflecting "South East Asian Confucian culture and values", commonly discussed by prominent scholars, and conducted the survey to university students in both China and Korea. The results are as follows:
First, recognition for Confucianism was very different among the students of China and Korea. Where as Korean students had a tendency of believing Confucianism as a behavioral criterion, Chinese students believed that Confucianism as a set of abstract values.
Considering the behavioral criterion, Korean students were more influenced by the Confucian values than Chinese students. And and oppositely, Chinese students were more influenced than Korean students concerning the abstract aspect of Confucianism. Considering the "personal Confucian values", students from both countries showed strong degree of individualism and in regards to the aspect of attitude towards life, Chinese students put more emphasis on work than Korean students. Considering the relationship in our daily life like "husband and wife", "parents and me", "the elderly and me", "friends and me", and etc. Korean students showed higher degree of Confucianism attitude than Chinese students. However, parents of both countries showed higher level of differences concerning this subject than the respondent students. Thus, Korean parents were more obedient to Confucian values then the Chinese parents and when examined compared to the parents generations, Korean students showed high level of negative and dubious attitude towards a lot of Confucian regulations. When we examined the criteria's like "Country and me", "minority group and country", "leader and democracy", "rationality and recognition" and other abstract values, Chinese students showed high degree of Confucian response then the Korean students. When we divided the survey questionnaire into two criteria's, behavior and attitude, Korean students showed higher level of Confucian response for behavioral aspect and Chinese students showed high level of Confucian response towards the attitude aspect. Especially, the differences in the behavioral aspect were more definite between the students of China and Korea.
Korean students showed more negative evaluation of Confucianism than the Chinese students. In the future, Confucian will experience more criticism in Korea, and I carefully conclude that effects and influences of Confucian behavioral regulation will significantly decrease in the future.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차
• I. 서론 = 1
• 1. 연구의 목적 및 필요성 = 1
• (1) 왜 유교 가치관에 대한 비교연구를 하는가 = 1
• (2) 왜 대학생의 유교가치관을 비교하는가 = 3
• 2. 유고를 바라보는 시각 = 4
• 3. 가치관과 태도와 행동 = 5
• 4. 연구의 내용 및 논문구성 = 6
• (1) 연구 내용 = 6
• (2) 논문 구성 = 9
• II. 유교의 변천과정 = 10
• 1. 중국의 유교 발전변천사 = 10
• (1) 춘추시대 유가학파의 형성 = 10
• (2) 유교와 봉건사회 통치 계층의 결합 = 10
• (3) 봉건 사회 통치사상으로써의 유교의 발전변천 = 11
• (4) 辛亥革命 이후 다른 정치 세력들이 유교에 대한 이용 및 비판 = 13
• (5) 문화대혁명 시기 유교의 조우 = 15
• (6) 현재 유교연구의 새로운 조류 = 15
• 2. 한국의 유교 발전변천사 = 16
• (1) 삼국시대 유교의 전래와 수용 = 16
• (2) 통일신라와 고려 시기의 유교사상 = 17
• (3) 이조시기의 성리학 = 18
• (4) 개항기와 국권상실기의 유교사상 = 19
• (5) 광복 후의 한국 유교 = 20
• 3. 중국과 한국의 유교 변천사에 대한 비교 = 21
• III. 연구방법 = 23
• 1. 자료수집 = 23
• 2. 분석방법 = 24
• 3. 자료특성 = 24
• IV. 가설설정 = 27
• V. 조사결과 및 가설검정 = 28
• 1. 유교적인 인간관 및 생활태도 = 28
• 2. 일상생활 중의 유교적인 행위규범 = 32
• 3. 집단과 관련된 유교 가치관들 = 48
• 4. 교육 = 53
• VI. 결론 = 53
• 1. 양국 대학생이 유교에 대한 인식이 다르다 = 53
• 2. 행동 면에서 한국학생이 더 유교적이고 태도 면에서 중국학생이 더 유교적이다 = 55
• 3. 행동 면에서 더 명확한 차이를 보인다. = 56
• 4. 한국과 중국 대학생이 유교에 대한 평가가 다르다 = 57
• 5. 요약 및 제한점 = 59
• 참고문헌 = 61
• Abstract = 63
• 첨부 = 66