環境法上 經濟的 誘因制度에 대한 法經濟學的 硏究 = (A)study of law-and-economics approach to economic instruments in environmental law

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

There are various ways of dealing with environmental problems, such as governmental regulation, private negotiation, and private law litigation. Among these, the role of government is very important in dealing with environmental problems. The government use a wide variety of policy instruments to achieve its desired goal of environmental protection. These instruments can be characterized as command & control, economic, and suasive. Economic instruments are instruments that affect costs and benefits of alternation actions open to economic actors, with the effect of influencing behavior in a way that is favorable to the environment.
The purpose of this article is to try to analysis economic instrument as a law & economic approach. Law and Economics approach is very useful because of the complexity of the environmental problems, so inter-disciplinary studies are required to explain the essence of the problems and to suggest the proper solutions to the problems.
This article is to make the systematic analysis of the economic instruments and environmental policies.
Main subjects about economic instruments in korean environmental law, arisen from the viewpoint of law-and -economics approach, which consist of this article can be summarized as follows.
In chapter 2, considering to basic of environmental problems and econocmic instruments. First, reviewing to defition, basic principle, research fields and methods of law and economics, then considering a basic philosophy of law and economics, 'wealth maximaiztion', and research needs.
Then I am considering economic reasons of environmental problems, external effects and public goods, and proposing alternatives to internalize of external effects, and considering the final goal of environmental policies to achieve a optimal degree of environment. Market failure due to external costs and public goods is explained as the cause of environmental disruption and economic analysis are induced. Then reviewing to evaluation standards of environmental policies, justice and efficiency, and concrete standards of evaluation of economic instruments, environmental effectiveness, economic efficiency, equity, administrative costs, and acceptance.
In chapter 3, considering to general principles of economic instruments. So considering kinds of environmental policy, and definition of economic instruments, and appearance of economic instruments as a market failure and policy(government)failure, problems of command and control instrument.
Then I am considering kinds of economic instuments, charges, subsidy, deposit-rerurn system, tradeable permits, then based on the economic cause of environmental problems, the necessity of government intervention. And redefining the concepts of "justice"and "equity" which are used in various meanings, and then discuss efficiency, distrubutive justice, conservation of minimum quality of environmental and compensation as the goals of government intervention and needs of research, economic instruments as a law and economics in environmental law, and virtues and defects of economic instruments. Then I am considering choice of policy instruments as a side of an actual proof.
In chapter 4, I am analyzing to operation theory of economic instruments, and analyzing to economic instruments on korean environmental law with concret standards of evaluation of economic instruments, environmental effectiveness, economic efficiency, equity, administrative costs, and acceptance. Then I am considering side of optimal degree of environment, distributive justice criterion.
In chapter 5, I am considering to problems and improvements methods of economic instruments. I try to analyse the existing regulatory problems and to suggest the rugulatory reform: some fine-turnings and introduction of new systems, especially tradable permits and eco-tax.
Finally, I investigates the significance and limits of law-and-economics approach to environmental regulation, The I suggested enlarge to rate of charges and deposit very much, to solve the problems of economic instruments' operations.
Of the limits of this approach, one is what economic methods have in itself and other limits exist in connecting with various goals of environmental regulation. And socialists bring forward many problems against law-and-economic school from the viewpoint of the political ecocomy.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• <目次>
• 第1章 序論 = 1
• 第1節 硏究의 目的 = 1
• 第2節 硏究의 範圍와 方法 = 3
• 第2章 經濟的誘因制度의 法經濟學的硏究의 基礎 = 6
• 第1節 環境問題에 대한 法經濟學的硏究槪觀 = 6
• I. 法經濟學의 意義와 基礎理論 = 6
• 1. 法經濟學의 意義 = 6
• 2. 法經濟學의 基礎理論 = 8
• II. 法經濟學의 硏究分野와 硏究方法論 = 18
• 1. 硏究分野와 硏究方法論 = 18
• 2. 法經濟學的硏究의 限界 = 21
• III. 法經濟學의 哲學的基礎: 富의 極大化 = 22
• IV. 環境問題의 經濟的原因 = 23
• 1. 環境의 公共財的性格 = 24
• 2. 外部效果 = 28
• 3. 外部效果의 內在化方法 = 31
• V. 最適環境水準과 環境基準 = 36
• 1. 最適環境水準 = 36
• 2. 最適環境水準의 達成과 維持 = 41
• VI. 環境規制의 費用便益分析 = 44
• 1. 費用便益分析의 意義 = 44
• 2. 費用便益分析의 社會的性格 = 45
• 3. 費用-便益分析과 分配問題 = 47
• 4. 費用便益分析의 限界 = 47
• 第2節 經濟的誘因制度에 대한 法經濟學的硏究 = 49
• I. 經濟的誘因制度의 法經濟學的硏究를 위한 基礎槪念 = 49
• 1. 資源의 最適配分 = 49
• 2. 去來費用 = 50
• 3. 機會費用과 限界費用 = 51
• II. 經濟的誘因制度의 經濟的基礎- 資源의 最適配分= 51
• 1. 意義와 內容 = 51
• 2. 環境政策上의 含意 = 52
• III. 經濟的誘因制度의 法經濟學的硏究의 必要性 = 53
• IV. 經濟的誘因制度의 法經濟學的分析基準 = 54
• 1. 環境政策手段의 法經濟學的評價基準: 正義와 效率 = 54
• 2. 經濟的誘因制度評價基準 = 59
• 3. 經濟的誘因制度의 法經濟學的分析基準으로서의 正義와 效率 = 75
• 第3章 經濟的誘因制度의 一般論的考察 = 76
• 第1節 經濟的誘因制度의 槪觀 = 76
• I. 經濟的誘因制度의 意義 = 76
• 1. 環境政策手段의 種類 = 76
• 2. 經濟的誘因制度의 意義 = 82
• II. 經濟的誘因制度의 出現背景 = 83
• 1. 市場失敗와 政策失敗 = 83
• 2. 命令指示制度의 問題點 = 96
• III. 經濟的誘因制度의 種類 = 104
• 1. 類型別 = 104
• 2. 政府豫算에 대한 影響別 = 116
• IV. 經濟的誘因制度의 機能과 限界 = 118
• 1. 經濟的誘因制度의 機能 = 118
• 2. 經濟的誘因制度의 限界 = 130
• 第2節 經濟的誘因制度와 命令指示制度選擇의 實證分析 = 131
• I. 需要供給理論을 基礎로 한 環境政策手段決定過程 = 134
• 1. 需要側面分析 = 134
• 2. 供給側面分析 = 135
• 3. 均衡分析 = 136
• II. 環境政策手段選擇의 硏究를 위한 市場모델 = 137
• 1. 政治的市場의 商品과 貨幣 = 138
• 2. 環境政策手段의 需要의 發生 = 138
• 3. 環境政策手段에 대한 供給의 發生 = 141
• 4. 均衡의 成立과 立法的生産物 = 143
• III. 環境政策手段의 需要 = 147
• 1. 企業 = 147
• 2. 環境團體 = 150
• 3. 勤勞者 = 151
• 4. 消費者 = 151
• IV. 環境政策手段의 供給 = 152
• V. 小結 = 154
• 第3節 現行環境法上經濟的誘因制度 = 156
• I. 排出賦課金制度 = 158
• 1. 意義및 法的根據 = 158
• 2. 賦課對象 = 159
• 3. 賦課金의 算定 = 160
• II. 環境改善負擔金制度 = 165
• 1. 意義및 法的根據 = 165
• 2. 賦課對象 = 166
• 3. 負擔金의 算定 = 167
• III. 水質改善負擔金制度 = 169
• 1. 意義및 法的根據 = 169
• 2. 賦課對象 = 170
• 3. 負擔金의 算定 = 170
• IV. 廢棄物負擔金制度 = 171
• 1. 意義및 法的根據 = 171
• 2. 賦課對象 = 172
• 3. 負擔金의 算定 = 173
• V. 廢棄物預置金制度 = 173
• 1. 意義및 法的根據 = 173
• 2. 賦課對象 = 174
• 3. 預置金의 算定 = 175
• 4. 返還預置金의 算出및 返還 = 175
• VI. 補助金制度 = 177
• 1. 意義및 法的根據 = 177
• 2. 種類 = 177
• 第4章 經濟的誘因制度의 法經濟學的分析 = 180
• 第1節 經濟的誘因制度의 基本原理 = 180
• I. 賦課金制度 = 180
• II. 預置金制度 = 184
• III. 補助金制度 = 185
• IV. 汚染權去來制度 = 194
• V. 經濟的誘因制度의 類型別比較 = 198
• 第2節 環境法上經濟的誘因制度에 대한 評價 = 200
• I. 評價基準 = 200
• II. 排出賦課金制度 = 201
• III. 環境改善負擔金制度 = 203
• IV. 水質改善負擔金制度 = 204
• V. 廢棄物負擔金制度 = 206
• VI. 廢棄物預置金制度
• 第5章 現行環境法上經濟的誘因制度의 問題點과 改善方案 = 215
• 第1節 現行經濟的誘因制度의 問題點 = 215
• I. 排出賦課金制度 = 215
• 1. 經濟的誘因性의 缺如 = 215
• 2. 制度의 構造的問題點 = 216
• 3. 衡平性의 問題點 = 217
• 4. 財政的行政的問題點 = 218
• II. 環境改善負擔金制度 = 219
• 1. 經濟的誘因性의 缺如 = 219
• 2. 衡平性의 問題點 = 219
• 3. 適用對象의 問題點 = 220
• III. 水質改善負擔金制度 = 221
• 1. 經濟的誘因性의 缺如 = 221
• 2. 賦課對象의 問題點 = 221
• 3. 賦課率의 問題 = 222
• IV. 廢棄物負擔金制度 = 222
• 1. 生産者負擔의 問題點 = 222
• 2. 費用負擔의 問題點 = 223
• 3. 對象選定의 問題點 = 223
• V. 廢棄物預置金制度 = 224
• 1. 經濟的誘因性의 缺如 = 224
• 2. 對象選定上의 問題點 = 224
• 3. 回收處理의 問題點 = 225
• VI. 補助金制度 = 226
• 1. 制度의 效率性不足 = 226
• 2. 支援對象의 問題點 = 226
• 第2節 現行經濟的誘因制度의 改善方案 = 227
• I. 制度改善의 基本方向 = 227
• 1. 經濟的誘因性의 提高 = 227
• 2. 環境法의 整備 = 229
• 3. 完全한 總量規制의 實施 = 230
• 4. 衡平性과 適正性의 提高 = 230
• 5. 環境敎育의 强化 = 231
• 6. 汚染權去來制度의 導入 = 232
• 7. 環境稅의 導入 = 232
• II. 排出賦課金制度 = 233
• III. 環境改善負擔金制度 = 235
• IV. 水質改善負擔金制度 = 236
• V. 廢棄物負擔金制度 = 237
• VI. 廢棄物預置金制度 = 238
• VII. 補助金制度 = 240
• VIII. 汚染權去來制度의 導入 = 241
• 1. 對內的要因 = 242
• 2. 對外的要因 = 244
• 3. 汚染權去來制度의 活用方案 = 245
• IX. 環境稅의 導入 = 246
• 1. 環境稅導入의 必要性 = 246
• 2. OECD 國家의 環境稅導入現況 = 249
• 3. 環境稅의 導入方案 = 252
• 第6章 結論 = 254
• 참고문헌 = 257
• ABSTRACT = 282