유아의 대근육 및 소근육 운동발달조사 = (A) study of young children's gross-motor and fine-motor skill development

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This research was investigated to understand the tendency of the development of the gross-motor movement and fine-motor movement of children by age. Detailed research subjects are listed as follows to check the above matters.
1. What does gross-motor movement of children develop by age ?
2. What does small muscular movement of children develop by age ?
3. What difference does gross-motor movement and fine-motor movement between men and women ?
For the purpose of this research, 215 members from 3.5 to 6.0 age was selected among children in both M kindergarten and J kindergarten, which is located in Seoul. Among them, children with omission of measurement item was excluded during a period of time of this research and the remaining 149 members was finally selected and this research was executed.
For the measurement device in this research, the study written by LEE, Yeon Seop and Kang, Mun Heui(1980) and the study written by LEE, Yeon Seop and KIM, Seong Il(1981) were amended in part and used.
The measurement items were composed of running, jumping down, rolling, walking and throwing and catching ball, for gross-motor movement, and for fine-motor movement. they are composed of using fingers correctly, using fingers quickly and using fingers stably.
For the purpose of this research, the characteristics of development of gross-motor and fine-motor movement by age were investigated.
The result that was obtained from this research is as follows :
1) Tendency of development of 3.5 age
Running, Jumping down and walking reach 70% of performance level and they were investigated as appropriate activity.
2) Tendency of development of 4.0 age
In gross-motor, throwing and catching ball reach 70% of
performance level and were investigated as appropriate activity.
3) Tendency of development of 4.5 age
In gross-motor large, getting out of obstacles and running, jumping down with both feet, jumping with two legs being put together, jumping over, rolling to the side with arms being put together, rolling to the side with clapping hands, walking with stepping on straight line, going up and down stairs, walking by arms and legs and catching ball, were investigated as appropriate activity. In fine-motor movement, classifying color and shape were investigated as appropriate activity.
4) Tendency of development of 5.0 age
In gross-motor movement, there was not any activity corresponding to 70% which is fit for activity. But, in fine-motor movement, threading beads, sketching a diagram by using a tool, were investigated as appropriate activity.
5) Tendency of development of 5.5 age
In gross-motor movement, walking by arms and legs were investigated as period of the development of appropriate movement, In fine-motor movement, drawing by viewing, sketching a diagram by using tool, making ball by tearing paper and using scissors, were investigated as appropriate activities.
6) tendency of development of 6.0 age
Both in gross-motor and fine-motor movement activities, there was no movement activity meeting 70% level in the measurement items.
Doing evaluation based on the above research can classify largely into two.
First, the research showed that there are the biggest movement development at age of 4.5. If a proposal is made based on research result, a concern for gross-motor activities and fine-motor activities are needed for children at an age of 4.5.
Second, as the tendency of development by age are shown, the lower age is, the more gross-motor movement items are, the higher age is, the more fine-motor movement items are. That is, the development of children's movement
corresponds to an academic theory that it is made in gross-motor and fine-motor movements. If a proposal is made based on this research, data on small muscular activity like block must be big as children's age is younger and size of block is smaller as their age is higher. these can help the development of muscle. But, there were large differences between men and women.
Overall tendency of movement is proposed as follows :
1) Jumping down is better than jumping up in capacity.
2) As running is shown, perceived ability is shorter than simply running movement.
3) As we can see from the result that an activity of experience in usual life is excellent but an activity we do not do so is short of movement capacity, movement experience which children have have an effect on children's safety.
4) The development of gross-motor of children has very close effect on fine-motor. This research showed that children who has a good development of gross-motor has high level of performance in fine-motor development.
5) This research showed that a group of 4.5 age, among groups by age, has higher level of performance than that of 5.5 age. This suggested that the development of children has an importance of environmental effect.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• I. 서론 = 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 = 1
• 2. 연구문제 = 5
• 3. 연구의 제한성 = 5
• 4. 용어정의 = 6
• II. 문헌고찰 = 7
• 1. 유아기의 운동발달 특성 = 7
• 2. 유아의 대근육 운동의 경향 = 11
• 1) 이동운동 = 12
• 2) 안정운동 = 12
• 3) 조작운동 = 14
• 3. 유아의 소근육 운동의 경향 = 15
• 1) 정확하게 손가락 쓰기 = 18
• 2) 빠르게 손가락 쓰기 = 19
• 3) 안정되게 팔과 손쓰기 = 20
• III. 연구방법 = 21
• 1. 연구대상 = 21
• 2. 연구절차 = 22
• 3. 도구개발 = 23
• 4. 자료처리 및 분석방법 = 24
• IV. 결과해석 = 25
• 1. 결과 = 25
• 1) 대근육 운동의 측정결과 = 26
• 2) 소근육 운동의 측정결과 = 36
• 3) 유아의 남녀별 대근육 운동 문항별 수행수준 비교 = 42
• 3) 유아의 남녀별 소근육 운동 문항별 수행수준 비교 = 47
• V. 결론 및 제안 = 42
• 1. 결론 = 50
• 2. 제안 = 57
• 참고문헌 = 58
• ABSTRACT = 61
• 부록 1 = 66
• 부록 2 = 78