중학교 학생의 학습문화에 관한 연구 = (A) Study on students' learning culture in middle school

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the culture of students' learning in middle school. The researcher started this study with interests in certifying how students' learning culture is made in living and lessons of middle school, and how it is influenced by 'HAKWON(cram school)' in Korean. It has been regarded as one do the most distinctive educational phenomena in Korean students' culture composing school culture.
Based on the ethnographic data collected, the thesis tries to answer the following questions :
1. What activities do students do for learning in lining and lessons of middle school, and lessons of middle school, and what attitude and recognition do they have about learning?
2. What activities do student do for learning and lessons of 'HAKWON(cram school)', and what attitude and recognition do they have about learning?
The major research method of this study is ethnographic in interview. The researcher interviewed with selected students and, assitantly, the researcher observed the learning activities of four classes ( second grade) in middle school. In addition, the researcher used the description survey, the document research, and a record of learning diary.
The results of this study are as follows.
First, students have the most important meaning on preparation for an examination in school learning. They devide 'the subjects with sample question' from 'the subjects without sample question' when they prepare for an examination. They think that the subjects with sample questions is easy to study, however, they study hard or give up the subjects without sample question.
Besides, According to terms of examination, students concentrate on learning differently. They mainly concentrate on learning before examination.
Second, students want 'teaching by examination, students concentrate on learning differently. They mainly concentrate on learning before examination but they loose after examination. Second, students want 'teaching by explanation'. It is the teaching pattern that teachers mainly explain the contents of textbooks. They want to understand perfectly and systematically the contents of textbooks. They dislike "only making progress". Most of classes are leaded by students with high level or students to have learned previously in 'cram school'. Therefore the others would feel alienated on lessons and there would be differences in the learning opportunity in class among students.
Third, the major purpose of 'cram school' is to make students advance academic achivement of students. and it is related to strategy for existence of 'cram school'. It is the repetition and the suplementation as the most representative character of 'cram school'. And in 'cram school', students exercise many question like 'made questions in the last year' and 'praticed questions'.
Theses results show that school on the public education cannot entirely accomplish educational function. A given condition of education and assessment system will have to be improved in order that school con stand on the center of education.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차
• Ⅰ. 서론 = 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성과 목적 = 1
• 2. 연구내용과 연구문제 = 6
• 3. 연구의 범위와 제한점 = 7
• Ⅱ. 연구방법과 절차 및 연구대상의 특성 = 9
• 1. 연구방법 = 9
• 2. 연구절차 = 10
• 3. 연구대상의 특성 = 18
• 1) 연구대상 학교의 특성 = 18
• 2) 주요 제보자 특성 = 22
• Ⅲ. 학교생활과 학습 = 31
• 1. 햇살중학교의 운영 구조 = 31
• 2. 학교 생활의 일과 운영 = 35
• 1) 교사의 일과 운영 = 36
• 2) 학생의 일과 운영 = 41
• 3. 학교 수업과 학습 = 47
• 1) 학교수업 참여태도와 행위 : "집중"과 "딴 짓" = 48
• 2) 시험과 학습 = 53
• (1) 시험시기와 학습 = 53
• (2) 시험 예상문제와 학습태도 : "수업따로, 시험따로"= 56
• 3) 학교 수업에 대한 인식 = 60
• (1) 학교수업에 대한 불만 : "진도 나가기", "소외감" = 60
• (2) 학생의 교사분류와 학습 = 67
• (3) 학교학습에 대한 요구 : "충분한 이해", "개인차 고려", "성적향상" = 69
• Ⅳ. 학원 생활과 학습 = 75
• 1. 햇살중학교 주변 학원들의 체계와 운영 = 75
• 2. 학원선택의 시기와 조건 = 89
• 3. 학원생활의 하루 일과 = 92
• 4. 학원수업과 학습 = 95
• 1) 교과서에 충실한 수업 : "반복과 보충","교과서에 갇힌 이해","정답맞추기" = 96
• 2) 수준차를 고려한 수업 : "수준에 맞는 문제풀이식 수업" = 100
• 3) 학교시험을 대비하는 수업 : "기출문제와 예상문제 풀이" = 101
• Ⅴ. 논의 = 106
• 1. 학교학습의 내적조건 = 106
• 1) 교사의 업무과중 = 106
• 2) 열악한 학습환경 = 108
• 3) 방대한 학습내용 = 109
• 2. 학원학습이 학교학습에 미치는 영향 = 109
• Ⅵ. 결론 = 113
• 참고문헌 = 116
• 영문초록 = 119
• The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the culture of students' learning in
• middle school. The researcher started this study with interests in certifying how
• students' learning culture is made in living and lessons of middle school, and how it is
• influenced by 'HAKWON(cram school)' in Korean. It has been regarded as one do the
• most distinctive educational phenomena in Korean students' culture composing school
• culture.