어머니의 양육지식과 가정의 양육환경과의 관계 = (The) Relationship Between Maternal Knowledge of Child-Rearing and Home Environment

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between maternal knowledge of child-rearing and home environment. This study also examined maternal knowledge of child-rearing and home environment according to the socio-demographic variable for the infant and mother.
Participants were 76 mothers of ranging in age from 10 to 36 months. Data for this study were collected at home visits. The instruments used for this study were the Knowledge of Child Development Inventory(Larsen & Juhasz, 1986), and the Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment Inventory(Caldwell & Bradley, 1972). The KCDI is multiple choice test of an individual's knowledge of emotional, cognitive, physical, and social development in children from birth to age three. The HOME Inventory(Infant version) is semi-structured observation/interview that is designed to assess the quality of stimulation and support available to the young child(birth to 3 years). The HOME yields a total score and six subscale scores(Parental Involvement, Parental Responsivity, Provision of appropriate play materials, Acceptance of Child, Organization of the Environment and Variety of Stimulation).
The main result of this study were as follows :
1. The total scores of maternal knowledge of child-rearing tended to be high. When they analyzed the low level, it indicated in regular sequences. It reared as followed ; Emotional development, Cognitive development, Social development, Physical development.
2. There were no significant differences in maternal knowledge of child-rearing according to infants' age, maternal age, job, number of children, gender of child and income. But there was a significant differences in maternal knowledge of child-rearing according to maternal education. Higher maternal education predicted higher maternal knowledge of child-rearing scores.
3. The mean HOME total score was at a high level. The six subscale scores tended to be high.
4. There were no significant differences in home environments according to infants' age, maternal education, job, number of children, gender of child and income. But there were significant differences in parental involvement and parental responsivity for low level home environments according the infants' age. Lower infants' age predicted higher parental involvement and parental responsivity scores. There were significant differences in parental involvement according to maternal age. Lower maternal age predicted higher parental involvement scores.
5. Maternal knowledge of child-rearing was significantly related to provision of appropriate play materials in the home environment. In particular emotional development and cognitive development in the maternal knowledge of child-rearing were associated with provision of appropriate play materials in the home environments. Thus mothers who were relatively more knowledgeable about children's emotional development and cognitive development were better able to provide appropriate play materials.