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    한국 생명공학 정책의제형성과정에 대한 연구 : 생명윤리 입법화 과정을 중심으로 = (A) study on the policy agenda setting of bioethics in Korea

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    https://www.riss.kr/link?id=T8185718

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    다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract) kakao i 다국어 번역

    The policy agenda setting of bioethics in Korea started with the birth of cloned animal Dolly. The public agenda for opposition to human-cloning was shaped under the movement of NGOs. But the formulation of policy agenda began with the governmental part.
    There were five attempts to legislate for bioethics from the National Assembly and the Executive Branch from 1977 to 2001. Three members of the National Assembly during three years, the Ministry of Health and Welfare(MOHW) and the Ministry of Science and Technology(MOST) during two years were the major actors for the agenda setting. However, all of the attempts failed in legislation.
    This paper focuses on the questions: what were the main factors leading the actors to legislation for bioethics in Korea?; why were the trials failed during five years?
    To answer these questions systemically, this paper draws on the concept of policy networks developed by Rhodes & Marsh. According to the model of Rhodes & Marsh, there are four dimensions(membership, intergration, resources, power) distinguishing the two types of policy networks: policy community and issue network.
    This model is a very useful tool for understanding policy making process of bioethics in Korea.
    Research results are summarized as follows. First, the typology of policy network started with policy community model. The number of participants were very limited in 1998: National Assembly, MOST, and scientists. They shared two basic values, that is, the improvement of biotechnology is more important than bioehtics, and more scientists have to participate in policy agenda setting process. The NGOs were consciously excluded in policy community.
    However the policy network was changed later. Issue network as well as policy community appeared simultaneously in 2001. MOHW, NGO, and mass media newly entered on the stage of policy agenda setting as powerful actors.
    Second, there was an characteristic element for succeeding in legislation of bioethics in Korea. The more acceptance of scientists' opinions, the more chances for passing the legislative barriers.
    This case was certainly found in 1998. The member of the National Assembly at that time tried to accept the ideas of the MOST and the scientists in universities and governmental institutes. On the contrary he always denied the NGOs' claim.
    Finally, it was the driving force to make policy agenda be more rigidly that the desire for taking possession first among actors. Except the case in 1998, most major actors had little belief on the proper contents of policy agenda for bioethics. They were mainly interested in setting the law in their power.
    This paper will contribute to academic and political aspects. From the academic aspect, foundations to understand dynamism of policy making process for bioethics can be provided. And the proper and elastic governmental action for democratic process will be given from the political aspect.
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    The policy agenda setting of bioethics in Korea started with the birth of cloned animal Dolly. The public agenda for opposition to human-cloning was shaped under the movement of NGOs. But the formulation of policy agenda began with the governmental pa...

    The policy agenda setting of bioethics in Korea started with the birth of cloned animal Dolly. The public agenda for opposition to human-cloning was shaped under the movement of NGOs. But the formulation of policy agenda began with the governmental part.
    There were five attempts to legislate for bioethics from the National Assembly and the Executive Branch from 1977 to 2001. Three members of the National Assembly during three years, the Ministry of Health and Welfare(MOHW) and the Ministry of Science and Technology(MOST) during two years were the major actors for the agenda setting. However, all of the attempts failed in legislation.
    This paper focuses on the questions: what were the main factors leading the actors to legislation for bioethics in Korea?; why were the trials failed during five years?
    To answer these questions systemically, this paper draws on the concept of policy networks developed by Rhodes & Marsh. According to the model of Rhodes & Marsh, there are four dimensions(membership, intergration, resources, power) distinguishing the two types of policy networks: policy community and issue network.
    This model is a very useful tool for understanding policy making process of bioethics in Korea.
    Research results are summarized as follows. First, the typology of policy network started with policy community model. The number of participants were very limited in 1998: National Assembly, MOST, and scientists. They shared two basic values, that is, the improvement of biotechnology is more important than bioehtics, and more scientists have to participate in policy agenda setting process. The NGOs were consciously excluded in policy community.
    However the policy network was changed later. Issue network as well as policy community appeared simultaneously in 2001. MOHW, NGO, and mass media newly entered on the stage of policy agenda setting as powerful actors.
    Second, there was an characteristic element for succeeding in legislation of bioethics in Korea. The more acceptance of scientists' opinions, the more chances for passing the legislative barriers.
    This case was certainly found in 1998. The member of the National Assembly at that time tried to accept the ideas of the MOST and the scientists in universities and governmental institutes. On the contrary he always denied the NGOs' claim.
    Finally, it was the driving force to make policy agenda be more rigidly that the desire for taking possession first among actors. Except the case in 1998, most major actors had little belief on the proper contents of policy agenda for bioethics. They were mainly interested in setting the law in their power.
    This paper will contribute to academic and political aspects. From the academic aspect, foundations to understand dynamism of policy making process for bioethics can be provided. And the proper and elastic governmental action for democratic process will be given from the political aspect.

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    목차 (Table of Contents)

    • 목차 = i
    • 제1장 서론 = 1
    • 제1절 문제제기 = 1
    • 제2절 연구대상과 범위 = 3
    • 제3절 연구방법 = 3
    • 목차 = i
    • 제1장 서론 = 1
    • 제1절 문제제기 = 1
    • 제2절 연구대상과 범위 = 3
    • 제3절 연구방법 = 3
    • 제4절 논문의 구성 = 4
    • 제2장 이론적 배경과 분석의 틀 = 6
    • 제1절 정책의제형성과정에 대한 이론적 검토 = 6
    • 1. 정책의제형성의 정의와 연구 의의 = 6
    • 2. 정책의제형성과정에 대한 이론적 논의 = 8
    • 제2절 정책의제형성과정에 대한 정책네트워크 접근 = 12
    • 1. 정책네트워크의 개념 = 12
    • 2. 정책네트워크 이론의 종류 = 15
    • (1) 하위정부 모형 = 15
    • (2) 정책공동체 모형 = 16
    • (3) 이슈네트워크 모형 = 17
    • (4) Rhodes & Marsh 모형 = 18
    • 제3절 한국 정부의 정책의제형성 절차 = 23
    • 제4절 분석의 틀 = 25
    • 제3장 입법부 주도기: 이슈 조성기 = 28
    • 제1절 한국 생명윤리 정책의제형성의 태동 = 28
    • 1. 생명공학의 개념 = 28
    • 2. 유전자재조합실험지침의 등장 = 30
    • 제2절 장영달 의원 발의 생명공학육성법 개정안 = 34
    • 1. 정책 등장 배경 = 34
    • 2. 정책 내용 = 36
    • 3. 개정안 항목의 성격 = 37
    • 4. 정부의제 채택 과정 = 38
    • (1) 전문위원회의 검토 활동 = 38
    • (2) 소위원회의 계류 결정 = 45
    • 5. 소결 = 48
    • 제3절 이상희 의원 발의 생명공학육성법 개정안 = 51
    • 1. 정책 등장 배경 = 51
    • 2. 정책 내용 = 55
    • 3. 개정안 항목의 성격 = 60
    • 4. 정부의제 채택 과정 = 63
    • (1) 전문위원회의 검토 활동 = 63
    • (2) 소위원회의 계류 결정 = 65
    • (3) 과학기술정보통신위원회의 전자공청회 실시 = 68
    • 5. 소결 = 70
    • 제4절 이성재 의원 발의 인간복제금지법안 = 73
    • 1. 정책 등장 배경 = 73
    • 2. 정책 내용 = 74
    • 3. 개정안 항목의 성격 = 76
    • 4. 정부의제 채택 과정 = 77
    • (1) 전문위원회의 검토 활동 = 77
    • (2) 소위원회의 계류 결정과 공청회 개최 = 78
    • 5. 소결 = 79
    • 제4장 행정부 주도기: 이슈 확립기 = 81
    • 제1절 보건복지부 주도 생명과학보건안전윤리기본법안 제정 추진 = 81
    • 1. 정책 등장 배경 = 81
    • (1) 윤리 이슈의 확대: 인간게놈프로젝트의 완성 임박 = 81
    • (2) 산업자원부의 생명공학 안전문제 법제화 추진 = 84
    • (3) 시민단체의 의견 수렴 = 86
    • 2. 정책 내용 = 87
    • 3. 생명과학보건안전윤리기본법안 항목의 성격 = 92
    • 4. 정부의제 채택 과정 = 94
    • (1) 과학계와 언론의 반응 = 94
    • (2) 과학기술부의 반발과 보건복지부의 보류 결정 = 96
    • 5. 소결 = 97
    • 제2절 과학기술부 주도 생명윤리기본법안 제정 추진 = 100
    • 1. 정책 등장 배경 = 100
    • (1) 윤리문제로의 의제 축소 = 100
    • (2) 생명윤리자문위원회의 활동 = 101
    • 2. 정책 내용 = 102
    • 3. 정부의제 채택 과정 = 105
    • (1) 과학계 및 산업계의 조직적 반발 = 105
    • (2) 의회 과학기술정보통신위원회의 적극적 반응 = 107
    • (3) 과학기술부의 유보적 입장 = 110
    • (4) 보건복지부의 반발 = 113
    • (5) 언론의 왜곡 보도 = 114
    • (6) 시민단체의 문제제기 = 116
    • 4. 소결 = 117
    • 제5장 종합 논의 = 120
    • 제1절 한국 생명윤리 정책네트워크의 유형 파악 = 120
    • 1. 정책공동체와 이슈네트워크의 특성 = 120
    • 2. 네트워크 유형의 변동 원인 = 123
    • 제2절 한국 생명윤리 입법화의 요소 = 126
    • 제3절 생명윤리 의제에 대한 한국 국회의원과 행정부의 태도 = 130
    • 제6장 결론 = 132
    • 제1절 연구결과의 요약 = 132
    • 제2절 연구결과의 함의 = 134
    • 1. 이론적 함의 = 134
    • 2. 정책적 함의 = 136
    • 제3절 연구의 한계점과 향후 연구방향 = 138
    • 참고문헌 = 139
    • Abstract = 146
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