This study purposes to offer a fundamental material for achievement of successful education goal in school by clarifying a correlation between transformational and transactional leadership of principal and job satisfaction of teacher. This study also ...
This study purposes to offer a fundamental material for achievement of successful education goal in school by clarifying a correlation between transformational and transactional leadership of principal and job satisfaction of teacher. This study also purposes to examine what difference of understanding in transformational and transactional leadership, moreover, what difference in job satisfaction of teacher may be occurred according to the selected background factor.
The documentary study both on transformational and transactional leadership of principal and job satisfaction of teacher are carried out with a survey through teachers simultaneously in this study under the purpose mentioned above. The questionnaire for transformational leadership of principal (PTLQ) developed by Jong-Hee Ro and the questionnaire for multi-factor leadership (MLQ) developed by Bass are slightly changed and used as a measuring means in the survey. The questionnaire for job satisfaction of teacher (TJSQ) developed by Jong-Hee Ro is used as a measuring means of job satisfaction of teacher.
The questionnaire for transformational leadership of principal consists of 15 questions composed of 3 fields of subordinate factors, including leadership for change, respect for others and supply a honorable model. The questionnaire for transactional leadership of principal consists of 10 questions composed of 2 fields, situational compensation and exceptional management. The questionnaire for job satisfaction of teacher consists of 28 questions composed of 7 subordinate fields such as compensation, possibilities, reform, autonomy, obligation to work, colleagueship, consciousness of teaching profession.
The questionnaire had been distributed to 415 teachers who work in the total 26 of elementary, junior-high and high schools located in Seoul and the district of KyeongKi-Do, and 407 sheets of questionnaire were handed in and managed to get a result.
The SPSS 10.0, statistical technique of social science, is used in statistical analysis and quantity analysis is used to verify a correlation between transformational and transactional leadership of principal and job satisfaction of teacher. F-test and numerous recurrence analysis is used for difference verification and a level of significance between factors is set to .05*, .01**, .001***.
The conclusions that are derived on a basis of result from analysis in this study is as follows:
First, a level of teachers' perception for transformational leadership is more higher than one for transactional leadership in transformational and transactional leadership of principal. As an age and a career of teacher become longer, they perceive highly transformational and transactional leadership of principal. It shows a certain tendency that transformational leadership is perceived highly by male teachers, private school teachers and teachers who work in metropolitan cities. And the teachers who work in small scale school, 12 classes and below, tend to perceive highly transactional leadership.
Second, differences for job satisfaction of teacher are shown according to various job positions and different school levels. The teachers who have the role of the superviser perceive higher job satisfaction than the normal teachers. And Elementry school teachers perceive higher job satisfaction than the middle school teachers and high school teachers.
Third, a job satisfaction of teacher become higher in proportion to the level of transformational and transactional leadership of principal what teacher perceive. Likewise, a job satisfaction of teacher show a low level of it when a transformational and transactional leadership of principal is at a low level. A transformational leadership, furthermore, has stronger correlation than a transactional leadership does. The leadership for change in transformational leadership of principal is the most influential one among any other subordinate factors. In addition, the situational compensation in transactional leadership is the second one.
In conclusion, the transformational and transactional leadership of principal has close relation to the job satisfaction of teacher. The transformational leadership, especially, influences on improving job satisfaction of teacher. As a result, principals need to make an effort to achieve the finest school management by using a transformational leadership as well as transactional leadership appropriately.