This study presents a theoretical model of the users information processing of internet news. The model proposes a multidirectional cycle of information processing which includes an exploration stage, a comprehension stage and an integration stage. At...
This study presents a theoretical model of the users information processing of internet news. The model proposes a multidirectional cycle of information processing which includes an exploration stage, a comprehension stage and an integration stage. At each stage the relative advantages of internet news are expected to affect the users information processing, in which such cognitive psychological factors as self efficacy, story understanding, and flow are assumed to motivate the continuous processing of information.
At the exploration stage, in which a main menu is processed, essential prior information on a main story and induction of user involvement are expected to enhance self-efficacy, which, in turn, is expected to motivate the user to continue the information processing to the comprehension stage. At the comprehension stage, in which the main story is processed, an in-depth glossary and interactivity are expected to increase story understanding, which, in turn, is expected to motivate the user to continue the information processing to the integration stage. At the integration stage, in which comprehension of the main story is integrated with the stories related to the main story, information of the related stories organized in a radiant format rather than a linear or hierarchical format, is expected to increase a greater sense of flow among the users. As the users experience of flow increases, this three stage information processing cycle is expected to repeat.
To test this theoretical model, 3 experiments, one at each stage, were conducted. 133 college students were randomly assigned to computers that were set up with different experimental treatments. Subjects were exposed to different versions of 4 fictitious internet news: a weather forecast story, a story on the rise in the rate of interest in the U.S., a story on the shut down of an internet pornography site, a story on the development of a new material Nanotube.
The results of the study confirmed the theoretical model. The subject processed information in a multi-directional cycle of the exploration - comprehension - integration stages as hypothesized. Most of the conceptual relationships specified in the model were empirically supported. The results of testing the hypotheses are as follows.
At the exploration stage, the main effects of the essential prior information and induction of user involvement on self-efficacy were found statistically significant. The interaction effect between these two variables was found non-significant. A regression analysis showed that self-efficacy was an important factor which explained the subjects motivation to continue the information processing to the comprehension stage as hypothesized.
At the comprehension stage, both the main effects of the in-depth glossary and interactivity and the interaction effect between these two variables on story understanding were found statistically significant. As hypothesized, increased story understanding motivated the subject to continue the information processing to the integration stage.
At the integration stage, the subjects who were exposed to the information organized in the radiant format showed the highest level of flow as hypothesized. Finally we found that the stronger the subject experienced flow at the integration stage of the first cycle, the more likely he was to repeat the exploration - comprehension - integration cycle.