訓民正音解例의 哲學思想에 관한 硏究 : 易理와 性理學을 중심으로 = (A) STUDY OF THE PHILOSOPHICAL BACKGROUND OF THE HUN-MIN-CHEONG-UM-HAE-RYE

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The invention of Hun-Min-Cheong-Um, the Korean alphabets, was in fact the most important and epoch-making event in the history of Korean culture. However, written records about the invention are extremely scarce. Only little literature on the processes of the invention and its theoretical background was found. Accordingly, unverifiable speculations and inconsistent theories had been inevitable about the origin of the alphabets. Fortunately, however, the Hun-Min-Cheong-Um-Hae-Rye(), the Bibliographical Explanations of Hun-Min-Cheong-Um, was found in 1940. Since then, the "speech mechanism" theory on the origin of the Korean alphabets has been generally accepted as the most valid.
A close examination of the Hun-Min-Cheong-Um-Hae-Rye, nevertheless, from the viewpoint of the oriental philosophies reveals that the oriental philosophies are related with all the theoretical aspects involved, i.e., theories of vocal sounds, and principles of letter and syllable formations. In this study, all explanations relevant to the oriental philosophies available in the Hun-Min-Cheong-Um-Hae-Rye were collected and categorized. The following were the results.
The editors of the Hum-Min-Cheong-Um-Hae-Rye stated that Hun-Min-Cheong-Um was based on all principles available in the universe. The Yok()(the Book of Changes), the best bible of the Confucianism, represents all principles available on earth and in heaven. Therefore, Hun-Min-Cheong-Um was compared to the Yok().
The invention of Hun-Min-Cheong-Um was based on the valid theories of speech sounds. That may be the reason why the two Chinese characters, CHEONG and UM, were inserted in its name. As there are principles of Tae-Geuk(п), i.e., the Supreme Ultimate, and Um-Yang() and Oh-Haeng(), i.e., Duality and the Five Elements of the Cosmos, in the universe, so there must be the same principles in the speech mechanisms because Man is nothing but a smaller universe.
According to the explanations, the oriental philosophies were utilized as the principles of letter formations. An application of Oh-Haeng and Sam-Jae(？), i.e., heaven, earth, and man, resulted in the employment of three letters in each of five initial consonants(). Imitation of the forms of speech organs in the processes of speech production resulted in the formation of basic letter forms for the generation of the initial consonants. Principles of addition of strokes to the basic forms must be related with the Trigram() principles in the Book of Changes(). In the explanations of the initial consonants, some relations are found with the notions of Tae-Geuk, Um-Yang, and Oh-Haeng.
The principles of vowel generation are related with Sam-Jae and Eight trigrams(). The generation of basic letters based on the principles of Sam-Jae was explained in terms of the theory of the beginning of the cosmos based on So-ong's() cosmos theory. The principles of , , , and , , , letter formations seem to be related with the and formation theories in the Eight trigrams(). In the explanations of the vowel, relations are found with the notions of Tae-Geuk, Um-Yang, and Oh-Haeng.
The principles used for syllable formation was also explained in terms of the oriental philosophies. Sounds in the initial, middle, and final positions have to do with the Ways of Sam-Jae. Man in Sam-Jae is like a middle sound in a syllableword. The importance of a vowel in a syllable is compared to the importance of Man in the universe. The process that the vowel 'I' is combined with another vowel into a complex vowel was explained as the process that occurs when Man participates in the making of things in the universe. The role of the vowel 'I' is compared to the role of Man in the philosophy of Man-Heaven Unity.
As the above discussed, the Hun-Min-Cheong-Um-Hae-Rye explains that the oriental philosophies were applied to the invention of Hun-Min-Cheong-Um. The philosophies discussed in the Hun-Min-Cheong-Um-Hae-Rye may be characterized by the Respect of Man supported by the notions of Man-Heaven Unity and of universe based on the Book of Changes(). Such philosophies appear to have been formed under the influences of the Book of Changes(), the best bible of the Confucianism, and the Seong-Ri-Hak(), i.e., the Confucianism that was further developed into a philosophy in the Sung Dynasty().

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 目次 = 1
• Ⅰ. 序論 = 5
• 가. 問題의 提起 = 5
• 나. 硏究目標 = 11
• Ⅱ. 訓民正音 創制와 東洋哲學 = 12
• 가. 訓民正音 創制의 動機 및 經過 = 12
• 나. 訓民正音 創制의 學問的 背景 = 16
• 1. 性理學的 背景 = 16
• 2. 音韻學的 背景 = 27
• 다. 訓民正音의 東洋哲學關聯論 檢討 = 37
• Ⅲ. 新文字 創制와 作易 = 50
• 가. 世宗과 天縱之聖 = 50
• 나. 新文字와 作易 = 58
• 다. 新文字의 名稱 問題 = 67
• Ⅳ. 聲音理論과 性理學 = 74
• 가. 聲音과 理氣論 = 74
• 나. 聲音과 太極論 = 81
• 다. 聲調와 易理 = 96
• Ⅴ. 訓民正音 制字原理와 易理 = 100
• 가. 初聲字의 制字原理 = 100
• 1 . 初聲字의 生成原理 = 100
• 2 . 初聲字의 原理와 太極 = 105
• 3 . 初聲字의 原理와 陰陽 = 107
• 4 . 初聲字의 原理와 五行 = 109
• 나. 中聲字의 制字原理 = 119
• 1 . 中聲字의 生成原理 = 119
• ㄱ. 基本字의 原理와 三才之道 = 121
• ㄴ. 初出字·再出字의 原理와 八卦 = 133
• 2 . 中聲字의 原理와 太極 = 137
• 3 . 中聲字의 原理와 陰陽 = 138
• 4 . 中聲字의 原理와 五行 = 142
• Ⅵ. 訓民正音 運用原理와 性理 = 150
• 가. 初中終聲의 原理 = 150
• 1. 初中終聲과 三才 = 150
• 2. 終聲復用初聲과 陰陽循環 = 153
• 3. 初聲과 中聲의 唱和 = 156
• 나. 中聲의 運用原理 = 159
• 1. 中聲의 運用과 人本主義 = 159
• 2. 中聲 'ㅣ'의 運用과 天人合一 = 161
• 3. 中聲合用과 闔闢 = 166
• Ⅶ. 結論 = 169
• 參考文獻 = 172
• 英文抄錄 = 180