韓國 近代 歷史小說의 史的 硏究 = (A) Historical Study of Modern Korean Historical Novels

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Since the mid-1970's, there has been ever-growing interest in the study of Korean historical novels, especially those of the Period of Modernization through the 1930's. As the result, extensive investigations are going on at present into the essential features of these novels along with reflections on their course of development and attempts to establish a new direction for the future.
This thesis, consisting of 4 chapters, is a study of modern Korean historical novels which appeared from the Period of Modernization till the end of World War . Chapter 1, introduction to the thesis, presents the aims and method of the study with a brief review on its history. The next chapter discusses various aspects of the historical development of these novels in three different stages: The Period of Modernization, the 1920's, and the 1930's. Chapter 3 is a comprehensive study of individual novels within the historical context of the period in which they appeared, and the last chapter is the conclusion to the thesis.
In the past, it was usually the case that those historical-biographical works such as Shin Chae-ho's Eulzimoonduk(), Chang Ji-yon's Eakookbooinzon (？), and Park Eun-shik's Seosakonkookzi() were classified merely as histories or biographies and dealt with as non-literary or non-fictional works. This was because these works, with formal features characteristic of biogrphies, are short of novelistic construction and, unlike New Novels, are written in a style using both Korean and Chinese characters combined. Besides, their somewhat excessively conscious presentation of themes makes them appear to be degenerates compared with the novels of the previous ages. In the 1970's, however, a new point of view became prevalent that they are not mere histories but historical noevels written under the oppression of imperialistic invasion with a view to awakening nationalistic fever of resistance among the people and are justly to be classified as resistance literature.
These works are, in a sense, a mixture of novels and histories, and have the formal characteristics of historical novels literarily reconstructed from histories. The heroes are, in most cases, historical personalities who played decisive roles in saving their country, winning national independence from foreign invaders. Most of the authors were intellectuals well-versed in Chinese classics, though among them nationalistic historians played more significant parts, and naturally their prospective readers were also intellectuals. In technique of construction, these works are similar to the heroic novels of the Chosun Dynasty and Yol-jon(). The conflict is generally made up between the antagonist and the protagonist, events arranged in regular sequence, descriptions condensed, and emotional intervention of the authors explicit as in those novels of the Chosun Dynasty.
In the early 1920's, historical novels began to appear in the form of short stories and, unlike those of the preceding period, they had the formal beauty found in modem novels. However, short stories have their own limits in that they can make use of history merely as the background of the stories and cannot give comprehensive pictures of the great flow of history; consequently, no meaning can be drawn of history itself. Thus, the historical novels of this period were mainly centered on events and characters, abstract beings without personality invented by the authors, and emphasis is generally laid on the psychological processes and the moral aspects rather than on the social and historical connections, with the result that no clue is available as to the social circumstances.
Unlike the preceding period, the themes of 'loyalty' prevail in this decade. This is because the contentions of the writers of the previous period which had a great deal to do with the social conditions of the age had been either weakened or forgotten.
There was also a change in technique. The novels of this period have a form much nearer to that of modem novels. This, probably, is due to the fact that, in the development of modem novels, the 1920's was the period in which the short story as a distinct literary form was fully established. Professional writers came into being during this period. They utilized the technique of flashback, and their works were written purely in Han-geul, which contributed greatly to enlarging the reading public.
During the 1930's, a number of writers wrote full-length historical novels by following the example of Choon-won who had written one in the 1920's. They were Kim Dong-in, Park Chong-hwa, Hyon Chin-kon, Yoon Baek-nam, Lee Tae-joon, Hong Myong-hi, etc., to name only a few. Such a new trend was a natural response to the call for the instillment of historical sense and viewpoint into historical novels. Of course, there were some writers who took shelter in historical novels when their creative activities were suppressed by the Japanese invaders; others made use of them as an instrument of propaganda to arouse nationalism among the people. However, there were still others who were disposed to popularize historical novels to fawn upon the past-oriented reading public. This brought forth a number of heated criticisms and controversies, which enriched the literary scene of the 1930's.
Of course, there are problems and limits concerning the historical novels of these periods.
First, they lacked fundamental understanding of history and no view of history had been established as yet. As the result, works appeared which advocated indiscreet patriotism and distorted democracy.
Second, they were mostly centered on events and characters, abstract and stereotyped. Even Choon-won was no exception, who made up exceedingly moral being.
Third, the intention of the author was too explicit, and emotional intervention and comments of the author can be frequently encountered.
Fourth, the attitude of taking refuge in historical novels is found in many writers in the 1930's. Though

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차 = 10
• Ⅰ. 서론 = 11
• 1. 연구목적 = 11
• 2. 연구방법 = 13
• 3. 연구사 검토 = 16
• Ⅱ. 한국근대역사소설의 전개양상 = 25
• Ⅲ. 시대별 역사소설의 고찰 = 36
• 1. 개화기의 역사 전기문학 = 36
• (1) 「瑞士建國誌」 = 36
• (2) 「乙支文德」 = 54
• (3) 역사전기문학의 특징 = 70
• 2. 1920년대 역사소설 = 73
• (1) 嘉實 = 73
• (2) 「목매이는 女子」 = 92
• (3) 「端宗哀史」 = 108
• (4) 20년대 역사소설의 한계 = 120
• 3. 1930년대의 역사소설 = 124
• (1) 「無影塔」 = 124
• (2) 「大首陽」 = 142
• (3) 역사소설에 대한 논의 = 161
• (4) 역사적 상상력과 이론 = 179
• Ⅳ. 결론 = 183
• 참고문헌 = 187
• ABSTRACT = 194