開發容積 시뮬레이션 模型을 活用한 物的制御의 作用構造 解析

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

It is important to understand what control factors are operated in a mechanism, and what the effects are, in order to plan and control physical environment of urban spaces. Minimum Lot Size, Building Coverage, Floor-Area Ratio, Sky Exposure Plane, Assemblage or Division of Lots, Roads are representative factors physically controlling urban spaces. These Factors control physical environment, density of activity and the landscape of urban spaces. But it is too difficult to precisely comprehend their effects, due to the complicated mechanism of them. The main concern in the existing physical planning is likely to be limited to identifying individual factors rather than focusing on function of individual factors in the controlling mechanisms, in Korea. In this regard, sometimes, unexpected effects are brought out, because the controlling mechanisms are not considered.

In this context, this study aims to accurately understand the controlling mechanism of urban spaces and suggest appropriate policy implications to improve the physical control of urban spaces. This study draws the following conclusions;

First, this study redefines 'Bulk(容積)' as a concept including both 'Capacity' and 'Shape', and defines the bulk resulting from physical control in urban spaces as the 'Permissible Bulk(開發容積)'. It is essential to define those concepts, because the effects of the physical control appear as a concrete substance of capacity and shape in urban space. In terms of this, the 'Bulk' that has usually designated 2-dimension areas in urban planning in Korea is readjusted as a concept including shape in this study. Also, this study defines the bulk drawn by physical control in urban spaces as the 'Permissible Bulk'.

Second, this study develops the 'Permissible Bulk Simulation Model' so as to be able to estimate the bulk of buildings by physical control. The 'Permissible Bulk Simulation Model' that estimates effects of individual physical control factors to urban spaces assures to analyze all the mechanisms of the individual factors. I expect that the application of the 'Permissible Bulk Simulation Model' can help both citizen and planners to understand the effects of a plan, through visualizing the proposal of the plan.

Third, this study discusses how individual factors affect permissible bulk. That is, the mechanism and implication in planning of Minimum Lot Size, Sky Exposure Plane, Heights Control, Assemblage or Division of Lots, and Roads as well as Building Coverage and Floor-Area Ratio that have been considered the essential factors for physical control in Korea so far, are studied. Also, this study investigates whether some mechanism handling each factor influences permissible bulk or not. This process would clarify what types of control factors should be employed to realize a plan.

Fourth, this study analyzed the controlling mechanisms make physical control possible. The basic factors of the controlling mechanism are 'Floor-Area Ratio' and 'Building Coverage' that have operation mechanisms in 'Building Envelope' operated on the basis of urban tissue. The potential of permissible bulk limited by Building Envelope which is based on urban tissue. That is, the controlling mechanism is composed of not only individual physical factors but also urban tissue. It means that physical control is not the simple combination of its individual factors but the organic mutual relation of urban tissue. Considering these results, we can not only enhance the operational power of physical control itself but also control appropriately permissible bulk in accordance with marginal capacity in urban structure and peripheral environment.

Fifth, this study suggests the direction to improve physical control. Based on the analysis of the operation of the individual factors and the controlling mechanism, the improvement of physical control is presented. To begin with, the process selecting physical control factors is described. As fundamental principles to improve physical control, ① understanding the operation in the controlling mechanism when individual factors are changed; ② controlling permissble bulk, according to image of a plan; ③ understanding system of physical control in urban tissue; and ④ controlling permissible bulk in accordance with urban tissue are suggested. And the direction to improve physical control is suggested in Korea at the present time, based on the aforementioned principles.