This study was conducted to analyze dietary fiber contents of Korean common foods and to investigate dietary fiber status of Korean male college students. Contents of total dietary fiber(TDF) in 203 foods was analyzed by TDF method developed by Prosky...
This study was conducted to analyze dietary fiber contents of Korean common foods and to investigate dietary fiber status of Korean male college students. Contents of total dietary fiber(TDF) in 203 foods was analyzed by TDF method developed by Prosky et. al. and adopted by AOAC in 1988. TDF value was compared with crude fiber(CF) value of Korean food composition table. Contents of insoluble(IDF) and soluble dietary fiber(SDF) of 30 foods selected by food intake frequency were determined. IDF and SDF were analyzed by the procedure developed by Prosky et. al. TDF intake of Korean population during 1969-1992 was investigated based on National Nutrition Survey. Food intakes of 80 Korean male college students were estimated with three-day weighed food records. Nutrients and crude fiber intakes were calculated using Korean food composition table. TDF intakes were calculated using tables of TDF contents developed in this study.
The results can be summarized as follows.
1. The average TDF contents of foods analyzed were 3.5% for cereals, 2.56% for potatoes and starches, 1.94% for sweets, 9.28% for seeds, 11.64% for pulses, 4.86% for vegetables, 14.27% for mushrooms, 11.39% for seaweeds, 2.97% for fruits, 15.38% for seasonings, and 4.98% for beverages. The contents of TDF were 1.1-20.2 times higher than CF except Chung Gak(49.3 times).
2. The average proportions of SDF to TDF contents were 39.90% for cereals, 18.70% for potatoes, 25.88% for vegetables, 47.74% for pulses, 59.17% for seaweeds 30.32% for seasonings, 20.80% for seeds, and 15.85% for teas.
3. Average daily intake of TDF of Koreans in 1992 was 21.53g and much lower than that of 1969. Average daily intake of dietary fiber of Koreans was within the range of the foreign RDA(20-30g).
4. Average daily intake of TDF among 80 Korean male students was 20.54g, which was within the range of tentative foreign RDA(20-30g) and just above the lower limit of the foreign RDA. Average daily intakes of crude fiber was 8.54g and was about 41% of TDF intakes The other nutrient intakes were similar or slightly higher than Korean RDA.
5. Correlations between daily fiber intake and intakes of several nutrients such as energy, Protein, carbohydrate, and crude fiber, except lipid were significant. The most significant correlation between dietary fiber intake and carbohydrate intake was observed(r=0.7232, P<0.001).
6. Correlations between dietary fiber intake and intakes of major food groups were significant only for 3 food groups such as cereals, vegetables, and seaweeds. The most significant correlation between dietary fiber intake and intake of vegetables was observed(r=0.6548, P<0.001).
7. The range of dietary fiber intake in 80 Korean male students. was 8.65-42.00g. Median of dietary fiber intakes was 20.16g.
8. Major sources of dietary fiber among the subjects were rice and Kimchi. Rice and Kimchi supplied 11.98% and 7.64% of total dietary fiber intake, respectively.
Therefore, we can conclude that it is necessary to present a proper guidelines for increasing dietary fiber intake among Koreans. It is recommended to increase consumption of brown rice and minor cereals which contain high contents of TDF instead of rice and consumption of seaweeds which contain large amounts of SDF.