인상과 물상의 특성 비교와 물형관상법적 분석 연구

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper compared the facial features of humans and animals, and thought that the temperament and personality of people with the same shape would be the same as those of animals, and studied Mulhyeong physiognomy, a physiognomy, which deduces human character, wealth, preciousness, poverty, and lowness.
Humans have always lived in relationships with animals other than themselves, and we have no choice but to live in such relationships in the future. And the relationship between humans and animals has constantly changed according to human social and cultural styles.
Aristotle, a philosopher and zoologist, studied animals, He thought that animals would have similar characteristics in the various personalities and virtues that appear in humans, and insisted on "Mulhyeong Theory," which compares the appearance of animals and the face of humans.
After that, Delaporta of Italy systematized the comparative study of Aristotle's "human face and animal face" and argued that comparing and contrasting the faces of humans and animals can give insight into human temperament. Evelyn also thought there was some similarity between human and animal faces. The 17th-century artist Le Brum sketched the physiognomy of the faces of cows and humans as a study on facial expression changes through the external characteristics of animals. The theory of Mulhyeong has continued to develop from BC to the present, with 19th-century painter Grandville expressing various human characteristics that change from human faces to animal faces.
In the East, physiognomy books discussing the shapes of faces of animals and people developed into "Okgwanjo Shinguk" by Song Je-gu, "Taecheong Shingam" by Wang Bak, "Sangri Hyeongjin" by Won Choong-cheol, "Sangri Hyeongjin" by Jindamya of the Qing Dynasty, and "Eonmun Mulhyeong physiognomy" by Park Geon-hoe in 1929. In physiognomy, people read faces using bone and colorimetric methods. However, people who are not physiognomists often read comparisons between humans and animals.
Compared to "Mulhong Theory," which has a history of more than 2,500 years, Korea has a shorter history, but it is necessary to further develop "Eonmun Mulhyeong physiognomy," which drew the face of an animal figure for the first time in the East to infer fate, so this study was conducted. The types of Mulhyeong animals are 31 types of Okgwanjo Shinguk, 7 types of Taecheong Shingam, 50 types of Shinsangjeon, 34 types of Sangri Hyeongjin, and 34 types of Eonmun Mulhyeong physiognomy. Mulhyeong animals are phoenix, crane, egret, peacock, magpie, bird, swallow, goose, dragon, lion, tiger, elephant, monkey, jannabi, orangutan, snake, cow, sheep, turtle, camel, horse, frog, rabbit, fox, seungnyang, pig, bear, frog, crab, and fish.
In addition to the animal story of Mulhong, this study also discusses the story of Mulhong by facial part. In The Mauisangbeop, The Shinsangjeonpyeon, The SangriHyeongjin, and Shinsang sugyeongjib–jeonpyeon, the five-Gwan of the face, describes the shape of each part of the eyebrows, ears, eyes, mouth, and nose, and discusses wealth, a precious, poverty, and weakness. In addition, the explanation of animals was made by referring to Aristotle's『Historua animal』, 『Bestiarium』, and literature related to animals.
Knowledge of face and physiognomy is required to explain Mulhyeong physiognomy, which compares human and animal facial features. The meaning of the face refers to the face, features, and facial expressions as a face.
The face is divided into three vertically and five horizontally, and the features are located. The face is divided into three vertical halves, from the the hairline of one's forehead to the eyebrows, from the eyebrows to the tip of the nose, from the tip of the nose to the chin.
When the face is divided into five horizontally, the eyes are positioned at points 2/5 and points 4/5. The eye is the size of an eye, so to speak.
Facial expression refers to the appearance of mental states such as emotions and emotions in the mind on the face, Humans have six basic emotions: fear, surprise, anger, sadness, happiness, and disgust, Various facial expressions can be made.
The subject of the study of physiognomy was the act of prophetic nature of physiognomy in Mesopotamian civilization. This became the basis for predicting what human physical characteristics would happen in the future. In the East, the object of physiognomy is physical signs when observing the skeleton and body shape, and observing physical signs is called phrenology.
The theoretical basis of physiognomy, the Thirteen-Buwi theory, the Flow year-Unkido, the twelve-Gung, Five-Ak, Four-Dok, Three–Jeong, Three-Jae, Three-Ju, Six-Bu, Five-Gwan, and Five-Seong, Six-Yo were discussed.
It is divided into letters such as Five-Haeng and other letters, such as Yu, Gap, Won, Jeon, Dong, 5 letters, God, Pung, Mok, Yong, and Wang, and 10 letters are substituted into the shape of the face to infer luck.
The Five-Haeng, which began in 『Emperor's Naegyeong』, are used in medicine as well as physiognomy. The human face is read based on the five elements, but the five elements are difficult to find due to the action of win-win conflict. The Five-Haeng are mixed, concurrently, and translated. The Five-Haeng are pure, but most of them are not pure, and two or more of them are mixed or combined.
Animal Mulhyeong also has pure one Mulhyeong, but two or more Mulhyeong for each part is mixed or combined, and Mulhyeong and animal Mulhyeong for each part are mixed or combined. Most of them do not become purely one Mulhyeong. In the end, Five-Haeng and Mulhyeong often mix or combine. Therefore, it is necessary to take a good look at how Five-Haeng and Mulhyeong are composed.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목 차
• Ⅰ. 序論 1
• 1. 硏究의 目的과 必要性 1
• 2. 先行硏究 分析 4
• 3. 硏究의 範圍와 方法 18
• Ⅱ. 相學의 起源과 發展 21
• 1. 東洋 相學의 起源과 發展 21
• 2. 西洋 相學의 起源과 發展 25
• 3. 韓國의 傳來와 發展 28
• Ⅲ. 얼굴과 形象의 構造와 分析 31
• 1. 얼굴과 表情의 關係 31
• 2. 觀相法의 理論 體系 53
• 3. 五行形의 構造와 特性 92
• 4. 五行의 正․偏의 글자 十字형 얼굴 112
• Ⅳ. 物形의 理論과 物形觀相法 124
• 1. 物形의 理論的 定礎 124
• 2. 얼굴의 부위별 物形觀相法 155
• Ⅴ. 사람과 動物의 物形觀相法 比較 176
• 1. 飛禽動物(날짐승) 樣相과 物形觀相法 176
• 2. 走獸動物(길짐승) 樣相과 物形觀相法 191
• 3. 物形觀相의 富貴貧賤 解析 236
• Ⅵ. 結論 244
• 【참고문헌】 .....................................................................250
• 【ABSTRACT】.........................................................256