ABSTRACT
Effects of High-intensity Interval Training
and Moderate-intensity Continuous Training
on Cardiovascular Function and Aerobic-anaerobic Capacity
in Healthy Young Women
by Sabin Kim
Division of Sports Medicine and Science
Graduate School of K...
ABSTRACT
Effects of High-intensity Interval Training
and Moderate-intensity Continuous Training
on Cardiovascular Function and Aerobic-anaerobic Capacity
in Healthy Young Women
by Sabin Kim
Division of Sports Medicine and Science
Graduate School of Kyung Hee University
(Advised by Prof. Hyun Chul Jung, Ph.D.)
The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of short-term high-intensity interval exercise and moderate-intensity continuous exercise on cardiovascular function and aerobic and anaerobic capacity in healthy young women. Subjects of the study included 18 healthy young women aged 20 to 35 years (body heigh; body weigh: fat mass: lean body mass ). They were randomly assigned to a high-intensity interval training group (n=9) or a moderate-intensity continuos training group (n=9). Anthropometry were measured and body composition was assessed using DXA. Cardiovascular function was measured by assessing resting heart rate variability using Actiwave cardio equipment, and data were analyzed using the Cubios program. Additionally, measurements of resting systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse wave velocity, and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity index were obtained using the VP-1000, while resting stroke volume, cardiac output, and total peripheral vascular resistance were measured using Finometer. Aerobic capacity was assessed through a maximal exercise load test using a cycle ergometer, and anaerobic capacity was evaluated using the Wingate test. High-intensity interval exercise group performed 20 seconds of exercise at an intensity of 115-130% of Wmax followed by 100 seconds of dynamic rest, repeated for 20 minutes. The moderate-intensity continuous exercise group cycled at 60-75% of HRmax at 58-63 RPM for 40 minutes. Both exercise programs were conducted twice a week for four weeks. Two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance was performed to assess group and time interactions, and post-hoc tests were conducted in the case of significant interactions or main effects. The statistical significance level (α) was set at .05. Results showed a significant reduction in body fat percentage after both high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training group (p<.01), while no significant changes were observed in lean body mass or fat tissue. In terms of cardiovascular function, both groups exhibited a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure only (p<.05), with no significant changes in stroke volume, cardiac output, heart rate variability, and vascular elasticity variables. Regarding aerobic and anaerobic capacity, only the high-intensity interval exercise group showed a significant improvement in anaerobic capacity, specifically in peak power and average power (p<.05).
In conclusion, both short-term high-intensity interval exercise and moderate-intensity continuous exercise had an impact on reducing body fat percentage and significantly lowering systolic blood pressure. Moreover, high-intensity interval exercise positively influenced anaerobic capacity. It is suggested that when designing high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training programs for improving cardiovascular function and aerobic and anaerobic capacity in future research, intervention duration and frequency should be carefully considered.
Keywords
High-intensity Interval Training (HIIT), Moderate-intensity Continuous Training
(MICT), HRV, Cardiovascular Function, Aerobic-Anaerobic Capacity