불안전 초기부모애착과 정신화가 성인기 관계중독성향에 미치는 영향: 사회적 지지의 조절된 매개 효과 = The Effects of the Insecure Early Parental Attachment and Mentalization on Adulthood Relationship Addiction Tendency: The Moderated Mediating Effect of Social Support

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study aims to verify whether Adulthood Relationship addiction tendency is determined by insecure Early Parental Attachment(EPA) which is composed of Ambivalent-anxious attachment and Avoidant attachment (to father and mother), also to see if Mentalization mediates this process. Moreover, we demonstrate the role of Social support that may interfere this triangular relationship, and further moderate the indirect effect of Mentalization between insecure EPA and Relationship addiction tendency.
Five research questions we raise are 1) what is the relationship between insecure EPA, Mentalization, Relationship addiction tendency, and Social support?, 2) can Mentalization be an indirect mediator between insecure EPA and Relationship addiction tendency in the middle?, 3) does Social support influences the relationship between insecure EPA and Relationship addiction tendency?, 4) does Social support moderate the relationship between insecure EPA and Mentalization?, and 5) does Social support moderate the indirect effect of Mentalization between insecure EPA and Relationship addiction tendency?
To answer the questions, we conducted an online survey across the country targeting unmarried adults aged from 19 to 34, 343 individual data in high fidelity out of 413 respondents were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0 and Process Macro in same ways as suggested by Hayes(2013).
Our result can be summarized as follows. First, EPA, Mentalization, Social support, and Relationship addiction tendency are highly correlated with each other. Also, it demonstrated in more detail that Ambivalent-anxious attachment (to father/mother) positively correlates with Relationship addiction tendency, while negatively correlates with Mentalization, and Social support. Avoidant attachment to Father negatively correlates with Relationship addiction tendency, Social support, while positively correlates with Mentalization. Avoidant attachment to mother shows a negative correlation with Mentalization and Social support, on the other hand, there was no significant connection with Relationship addiction tendency. Second, Mentalization is partly influenced by Ambivalent-anxious attachment (to father/mother) and Relationship addiction tendency, while it is fully altered by Avoidant attachment(to mother) which strengthens its bonding to Relationship addiction tendency. Third, we found that Social support did not significantly affect the direct process from insecure EPA to Relationship addiction tendency. Fourth, Social support is nonetheless an important contributor to the indirect process from Ambivalent-anxious attachment (to father/mother), Avoidant attachment (to mother) to Mentalization. Thus, last, Social support on Mentalization further can systematically link to Ambivalent-anxious attachment (to father/mother), Avoidant attachment (to mother) and Relationship addiction tendency.
Overall, this study clarified the relationship between insecure EPA, Metalization, Relationship addiction tendency, and Social support. Our results pointed out that Mentalization can be used as a therapeutic resource for adults who are classified as having Relationship addiction tendencies and insecure EPA types. Also, by verifying the controlled mediating effect of Social support through Mentalization in the relationship between insecure EPA and Relationship addiction tendencies, this study implies that Social support focused on Mentalization is important for helping clients who suffer from insecure attachment to father/mother in childhood and adulthood Relationship addiction tendencies.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 생애 초기 아버지와 어머니에 대한 애착 불안-양가, 애착 회피로 구성되는 불안전 초기부모애착이 성인기 관계중독성향에 영향을 미치며 이러한 경로를 정신화가 매개하는지 살펴보고자 하였다. 그리고 세 변인 간의 관계를 사회적 지지가 조절하는지, 나아가 불안전 초기부모애착이 성인기 관계중독성향에 미치는 영향에서 정신화의 매개 효과를 사회적 지지가 조절하는지 검증하고자 하였다.
본 연구에서 설정한 연구문제는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 불안전 초기부모애착, 정신화, 사회적 지지, 관계중독성향은 어떠한 관계가 있는가? 둘째, 불안전 초기부모애착과 관계중독성향의 관계에서 정신화가 매개하는가? 셋째, 불안전 초기부모애착이 관계중독성향에 미치는 영향을 사회적 지지가 조절하는가? 넷째, 불안전 초기부모애착이 정신화에 미치는 영향을 사회적 지지가 조절하는가? 마지막으로, 불안전 초기부모애착과 관계중독성향의 관계에서 정신화의 간접효과를 사회적 지지가 조절하는가?
이를 검증하기 위해서 전국 범위의 만 19-34세의 성인 413명을 대상으로 실시한 온라인 자기보고식 설문에서 성실히 답변한 343명의 자료를 분석하였으며, 수집된 자료는 SPSS 25.0과 Hayes(2013)가 개발한 Process Macro를 이용하여 분석하였다.
본 연구의 결과를 다음과 같이 요약할 수 있다. 첫째, 불안전 초기부모애착, 정신화, 사회적 지지, 관계중독성향은 유의한 상관을 보였다. 부/모 애착 불안-양가는 관계중독성향과 정적 상관이 있었고, 정신화, 사회적 지지와는 부적 상관이 있었다. 부 애착 회피는 관계중독성향, 사회적 지지와 부적 상관이 있었고 정신화와는 정적 상관이 있었다. 모 애착 회피는 관계중독성향과 유의한 상관을 보이지 않았으며 정신화, 사회적 지지와는 부적 상관이 있었다. 둘째, 부/모의 애착 불안-양가와 관계중독성향 간 관계에서 정신화는 부분 매개하며, 모 애착 회피와 관계중독성향 간 관계에서 정신화는 완전 매개함을 확인하였다. 셋째, 불안전 초기부모애착과 관계중독의 사이에서 사회적 지지의 조절 효과는 유의하지 않았다. 넷째, 부/모의 애착 불안-양가, 모 애착 회피와 정신화의 사이에서 사회적 지지의 조절 효과를 확인하였다. 마지막으로 부/모의 애착 불안-양가, 모 애착 회피와 관계중독성향의 관계에서 정신화가 매개하는 가운데, 이 경로가 사회적 지지에 의해 조절되는 것을 확인하였다.
종합하면, 본 연구는 불안전 초기부모애착, 정신화, 관계중독성향, 사회적 지지의 관계를 검증하였다. 본연구결과는 불안전 초기부모애착을 지닌 성인, 관계중독성향을 지니는 성인에게 정신화를 치료 자원으로 활용할 필요성이 있음을 시사한다. 더불어 본 연구는 불안전 초기부모애착과 관계중독성향의 관계에서 정신화를 통한 사회적 지지의 조절된 매개효과를 검증함으로써, 어린 시절 부모와의 불안전 애착과 관계중독성향으로 어려움을 겪는 내담자의 정신화를 돕는 사회적 지지의 중요성을 밝혔다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 차 례
• 표 차 례 ···································································································ⅲ
• 그림차례 ···································································································ⅳ
• 국문요약 ···································································································ⅴ
• Ⅰ. 서론 ······································································································1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 ·······················································································1
• 2. 연구문제 ·················································································································9
• 3. 용어의 정의 ·········································································································11
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 ············································································13
• 1. 초기부모애착 ·······································································································13
• 2. 정신화 ···················································································································19
• 3. 관계중독성향 ·······································································································25
• 4. 사회적 지지 ·········································································································30
• 5. 주요 변인들 간의 관계 ·····················································································32
• Ⅲ. 연구방법 ··················································································40
• 1. 연구대상 ···············································································································40
• 2. 측정도구 ···············································································································44
• 3. 자료분석 ···············································································································49
• - ii -
• Ⅳ. 연구결과 ··················································································50
• 1. 주요 변인들의 기술통계 ····················································································50
• 2. 주요 변인들 간 상관관계 ·················································································52
• 3. 정신화의 매개효과 ·····························································································54
• 4. 사회적 지지에 의한 조절효과 및 조절된 매개효과 ···································57
• 5. 논의 및 시사점 ···································································································68
• Ⅴ. 요약, 결론 및 제언 ·······························································81
• 1. 요약 ························································································································81
• 2. 결론 ·······················································································································83
• 3. 제한점 및 제언 ···································································································85
• 참고문헌 ··························································································87
• 부록 ································································································107
• Abstract ·······················································································124