한국불교의 의례·의식 연구 : 시다림·다비의식을 중심으로

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This article is to investigate the viewpoints of life and death in Buddhism by reviewing the Buddhistic cremation (Dabi) on the meanings and values of the Buddhistic funeral culture, especially death and post-death issues. In Buddhism, life and death are not separated. It considers that life is death and death is life.
That means life and death are not separated one. Therefore, the rituals for life and death in Buddhism are generally performed as the existences after death, yet, the rituals based on the existences before death are
included. It is a basic but the most important work to understand the Buddhistic life and death that a series of rituals to be systemized with pre- and post-processes in the center of death are reviewed in Buddhism. In particular for rituals before and after Dabi process which should be performed to serve the corpse, their meaning is very important as the cultural value, which is highlighted with their Buddhistic interpretation.

Hence, previous study data and literature search are performed based on Dabi ritual according to the Buddhist scriptures and historical facts summarized in the Korean Buddhism history; and the progressions and structures on Dabi ritual in Buddhism are reviewed in this study.

Also, this study aims to reveal the meaning of Dabi in the Buddhism rituals by describing the ways of dealing with death by forms and contents of Dabi ritual so as to review the meaning of death in the ritual and studying how life and death were viewed and mentioned in the rituals related to death. This study can be considered to reveal the important Buddhism culture, which has been hidden, in Dabi culture of the Buddhism funeral.

Amid the trend of the times that the funeral culture has been stabilized from burial into cremation culture to meet especially well-dying’ trend, Buddhism Dabi is not simple rite of passage. It can be a religious symbol that the Buddhistic ideas and ideology of nirvana are applied. Considering Dabi culture is not out of lessons from Buddha but contributes sustainable nature, it is desirable to protect environment and utilize the land efficiently. It is high time to actively implement and supply the tradition and culture of Buddhism Dabi so as to be able to create virtuous cycle ecologically in consideration of the changed social living and eco-friendly environment, moreover, it should not be neglected anymore.

Now, the Buddhist community should cope with death, funeral system, and funeral culture with more interest in active execution.

Therefore, it is essential to expand the propagation opportunity of the Buddhism culture by education on death and the system related to the funeral rituals, and to prepare them to meet the trend of the times in the society. First, it should be institutionalized within the religious body, improved as the culture considering the forms socially understandable and acceptable as well as economic aspects, and should not lost the traditionality of Dabi. If the new demands and social trend are applied actively under the initiative of the Buddhism community together with national support, and if the cremation facilities with both modern and traditional cultures are organized within the temples, it will not be a difficult thing that Buddhism Dabi is settled as our funeral culture.

In addition, Buddhism Dabi can be successfully settled as one of the important funeral cultures when ‘welfare service of funeral culture’ is provided socially in the center of the Buddhism community, not only improving the ritual or facility but also preparing all the funeral related activities from death, psychological healing that families will experience up to laying in state. To do so, the values of
the Buddhism Dabi culture and its rituals should be recognized by the reviews as the cultural assets upon their foundation and objective system. Also, Buddhism Dabi should be performed not only for great Buddhist monks but also for ordinary monks and believers. National PR, marketing planning, and strategies should be provided to organize the modern cremation places harmonized with tradition smoothly by each religious order.
Hence, this study aims to review the Buddhism Dabi culture and the rituals for the master monks in the Korean Buddhism community; to organize many literatures and previous study articles to date; to investigate the study scope, structure, and system focusing on Sitavana and Dabi among rituals related to life and death; and to review the value as the intangible cultural asset by improving systemically and environmentally with the plans to apply the modern society to activate the Buddhism Dabi culture in Korea.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• I . 서론 1
• 1. 연구의 배경 및 목적 1
• 2. 연구의 범위 및 방법 2
• 3. 선행연구 검토 4
• II . 불교적 생사관과 내세관 7
• 1. 불교적 생사관 7
• 2. 불교적 내세관 10
• 3. 열반과 윤회에 내재된 생사관 11
• 1) 열반을 통해 본 생사관 12
• (1) 열반의 해석과 의미 12
• (2) 열반경의 이해 14
• 2) 윤회와 생사관 15
• (1) 무아의 생사관 15
• (2) 윤회의 생사관 21
• III . 시다림ㆍ다비 의식 27
• 1. 임종 의례 27
• 2. 빈소ㆍ입관 의례 34
• 3. 다비ㆍ장지 의례 48
• V . 결론 67
• 참 고 문 헌 71
• ABSTRACT 80