Land is not due to human effort, but to human nature free of charge. The concept of ownership was born with the development of agricultural civilization. An important role in the establishment of modern land property rights was the idea of enlightenme...
Land is not due to human effort, but to human nature free of charge. The concept of ownership was born with the development of agricultural civilization. An important role in the establishment of modern land property rights was the idea of enlightenment and natural law in the early modern period, as well as the coefficient of Roman law. Article 17 of the French Declaration of Human Rights clearly defined the absolute concept of ownership. Therefore, the question of public nature regarding land property rights was considered. It should be a just society that recognizes superiority in individual freedom and existence, and at the same time a distributive definition that is used by more competent people to improve the position of the weak to offset the resulting privileges. In order to realize the ideology of a just society, the Constitution adopted the revised principles of capitalism in the area of economic life to establish social market and economic order.
Article 119 of our Constitution is a provision for growth and distribution, aiming for social justice and economic democratization under the principles of a free market economy. In response to this economic definition, Thomas Piketty suggests that the fundamental cause of income inequality is that the return on capital is always higher than the rate of economic growth. In other words, the income gap is widening as capital gains exceed wages earned from labor. For the very few highest income earners, a clear rationale was presented by comparing and reviewing with our Constitution for the alternative taxation of ‘progressive tax’ with a much higher tax rate from the current level.
In the second half of 1988, the so-called Three Laws on Public Land Development were enacted. The system expressed its will to include not only the effective use and development of land but also the ability to modify the distribution structure of wealth and income between individuals and between classes. In other words, the purpose was to reduce the gap between supply and demand for land, to increase social equity by taking back development profits, and to mitigate the land-speck of land ownership. However, it was soon ruled unconstitutional. Reigning a renewed fire to the system, the revised constitution of 2018 replaces it with the second paragraph of Article 125, saying, “The nation can regulate and coordinate the economy to democratize the economy through co-existence and harmony among economic players.” Rather, the original plan is to raise the need to block or share the sources of unearned income from land or housing by taking them back.
Land is used most efficiently for public welfare, no matter who it is.It refers to the concept or principle that proper regulation of land property rights by the state should be applied to it, i.e. the public nature or social instructiveness of land property rights. Article 23 paragraph 1, paragraph 2, paragraph 2. of the First Amendment of the Constitution, and Article 34 paragraph 1, Article 119, Article 120, Article 122, Article 123. It is even regulated under Article 2 of the Civil Code and related laws. The gains from population growth or machine use are almost absorbed by the exclusive owners of the land, widening the gap between the rich and the poor, and rising land prices, lowering interest and wages.We need a strong taxation policy by Henry George to collect all the land as a form of face-to-face land sharing. While an individual has the right to own his labor product privately, what he or she has not created, the land and environment given by nature, should belong equally to everyone. While Marx opposed capitalism called for the sharing of both land and capital without distinguishing between land and capital, Henry George was persuasive in advocating the land taxation system, a system that separates the land and capital and brings only the land close to being shared. They compared and examined that they did not deny the function of market economy and price and private property.
Problems arise from the lack of basic humanism as a human being. This is the attitude of mercy who does not despise weak people such as “Good Samaritan.” It was suggested that such a position should be held first in the public interest or in the public interest. Under the Constitution, the modern nation's ideology, liberalism, and the Republic of Korea are adopted. We should work together for the public good rather than the private interest, and thereby maintain our original stance of developing the nation together. Taking into account the nature of land as a private good and public good as a resource, the whole nation is to be fair. No real estate measures are effective. There is no choice but to revive the public concept system of land ownership.
Public consensus and the government's willingness to reform are paramount as the current constitution and related laws alone are correct in its implementation. Even those who are unconditionally opposed to the idea of public ownership of land are seeking ways to strengthen their leadership. In particular, it is more persuasive to lead the national consensus if we have a normative perception of land issues, which are the historical origins and ideological backgrounds of humankind, discussed in chapter 2 of this chapter. It can be seen that it is not a problem to break free economic order or to the left or right. The government suggested an alternative solution to the reduction of inequality due to land ownership, including the prevention of tax evasion and the imposition of a land tax on land ownership, while stockpiling the land from cheap land in green belt to priority purchase.