The purpose of this thesis is to study and analyze folktale motifs which appear unconsciously in Korean novels in the 2000’s, focusing on some novelists including Goo Byeong Mo, Yeom Seung Suk, Hwang Jeong Eun, and to find out the meanings of them. ...
The purpose of this thesis is to study and analyze folktale motifs which appear unconsciously in Korean novels in the 2000’s, focusing on some novelists including Goo Byeong Mo, Yeom Seung Suk, Hwang Jeong Eun, and to find out the meanings of them. Precedent studies have mainly focused on the relation between a specific folktale and a Korean modern novel and shown interest in how the writer gains literary effects from it. In this approach, researchers are more interested in understanding the literary work in the light of parody literature and dealing with how well the writer assimilate and reinterpret the folktale from a modern viewpoint than others. Some novels, however, surely have motifs of folktales though one can not tell exactly from which specific tale the writer have adopted them. In these novels, it is hard to refer to any specific folktale as the original text, for they are thought to have the universal motifs shared by numerous folktales. Moreover, it is not easy to say whether the writer purposefully made use of folktales. Thus, there arises the need for a new methodology to find out the motifs of folktales that have been unconsciously utilized in modern novels.
The early 21st century was the time when the oppression of capitalism and the chaos of simulacre had been dramatically accelerated and the problem of personal identity had deepened, for the gigantic capitalist system tried to control and suppress individuals. Folktale motifs appear a lot in this time period and metamorphosis is one of the most frequent motifs. Precedent researchers has used metamorphosis as one of the most effective tools to deal with the problem of identity and desire of modern people. This thesis accepts the method, and views the question of the repressed desire as a condition for the unconscious appearance of folktale motifs in modern novels. Thus, this study focuses, among others, on ‘taboo-violation motif’ and ‘deprivation-metamorphosis motif,’ which effectively show the way the desires are repressed and the repressed are exposed. Taboo-violation motif can be subcategorized as ①‘uttered taboo-violation motif’ and ②‘internalized taboo-violation motif’ depending on whether the taboo is spoken out or not. Deprivation -metamorphosis motif can be subcategorized as ①‘deprivation -metamorphosis in reality’ and ②‘deprivation-metamorphosis in another world’ depending on whether the metamorphosis happens in the real world or not.
In the uttered taboo-violation motif, ‘taboo-violation-catastrophe’ rule is operating, while ‘taboo-nonviolation-catastrophe’ is operating in the internalized taboo-violation motif. The internalized taboo-violation motif results in severe problem of identity as it is internalized.
The repressed desire rises on the surface through the deprivation -metamorphosis. The deprivation-metamorphosis in another world highlights the tragedy by putting the negatives of the real life with another world side by side which is free of deprivation. It also throws a question that who the real ‘self’ is, and suggests a way of searching the self. Deprivation-metamorphosis in reality reveals the brutality of reality that caused the deprivation, and shows the features of the stories of unfulfilled wishes. In the stories of unfulfilled wishes the role of problem-solver is emphasized. In a modern novel, a reader takes the position of the problem-solver, and the writer and the reader form a story community which functions as way of communication.