The purpose of this study is to provide suggestion for necessity and academic effectiveness of after-school instrumental music activity by determining differences in academic self-efficacy between students who participated in the activity and who did ...
The purpose of this study is to provide suggestion for necessity and academic effectiveness of after-school instrumental music activity by determining differences in academic self-efficacy between students who participated in the activity and who did not. In detail, this study identifies differences in academic self-efficacy between elementary school students who participate in after-school instrumental music activity and who do not. It also identifies differences in academic self-efficacy in students who participate in after-school instrumental music activity by these general characteristics (duration of participation, motive of participation). In order to achieve the goal of the study, 591 students of 4th, 5th, and 6th grade from 28 schools in Gyung-gi and Seoul province were surveyed and analyzed. The total number of participants of after-school instrumental music activity was 274 and the number of students who did not participated was 317. Some students who participated after-school instrumental music activity and their parents were inquired and Open-ended questionnaire about what they experienced from after-school instrumental music activity and it has been analyzed.
In this study, Ahyoung Kim and Inyoung Park's questionnaire for academic self-efficacy has been used after being modified for our group's age by suggestion of 1 educational expert and 3 elementary school teacher. The questionnaire consists of 28 questions in 3 subsections (preference of level of difficulty, self-control efficacy, and self-confidence).
In this study questionnaire method was taken to prove how after-school instrumental music activity affects elementary school students’ academic self-efficacy. Questionnaire is mainly comprised of general characteristics and academic self-efficacy. The questionnaires were then analyzed by using frequency, descriptive statistic, reliability testing, independent sampling, t-testing, one-way analysis of variance and LSD was taken as Post hoc analysis.
The following is summary of this study’s outcome.
First, participants of after-school instrumental music activity had better academic self-efficacy than of those who did not. There were also significant differences statistically in ‘preference of level of difficulty’, ‘self-control efficacy', and ‘self-confidence'(p<.001). In other words, participants who were involved in after-school instrumental music activity showed higher academic self-efficacy than those who did not.
Second, after analyzing academic self-efficacy by duration of participation, ‘under six months' were the lowest, ‘six months ~ two years' and ‘over two years' did not show differences. Under subsections, in preference of level of difficulty, ‘six months ~ two years' showed higher result than ‘under six months' and in self-control efficacy, 'over two years' showed higher result than ‘under six months' and in self-confidence, no significant difference showed by the duration.
Third, after analyzing differences in academic self-efficacy by motive of participation, students who participated in the activity by their own will showed significantly higher results in overall academic self-efficacy and in all of subsections(p<.001).
Fourth, of 31 parents and students who replied to open-ended question in the questionnaire, most were aware of positive achievement academically, few did not. The former stated that after-school instrumental music activity helps improve students’ understanding of music, patience, memorization, endurance, concentration, and creativity. The latter stated that it did not help students' academic achievement. However, since the activity helps develop students’ academic self-efficacy, it can be used to improve students’ academic achievement of other subjects.
In conclusion, this study shows that after-school instrumental music activity influences students to improve musical talent, as well as academic self-efficacy and moreover academic achievement and many other areas. Thus, by actively promoting after-school instrumental music activity, hopefully students would receive better chance of having after-school instrumental music activity in better educational environment.