음식물류 폐기물 악취제거를 위한 바실러스균의 특성 및 분리동정

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

About 67 % of odor complaints generated from environmental foundational facilities was found to occur in wastewater treatment plants and food waste treatment plants. Food waste occurred offensive odor in almost all processes, such as collecting, transporting, etc., until it is treated. It is impossible to fundamental solutions if we do not decompose and remove the odor components itself. Thus, it is necessary to take the biological methods that is economical and easy to operate and maintain. The application of deodorant microorganisms, one of the biological methods, could solve the odor problems effectively by introducing the odor induction region.
At the present study, the experiment performed by using Bacillus separated from sludge of excreta treatment plant in Busan to solve the offensive odor effectively generated from food waste. To separate only Bacillus, sludge was heated at 80 ℃ for 15 minutes to form spore. LB medium was used culture medium, and three species colony observed dominant bacteria on LB medium. Pure cultured microorganisms were identified as Bacillus methylotrophicus (B1), Bacillus subtilis (B2) and Bacillus atrophaeus (B3).
Central composite design (CCD), one of the response surface methodologies, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were adopted to further investigate the mutual interaction between Bacillus (mL/L) and time (day) on TON removal. Bacillus (mL/L) and time (day) were independent variables for odor removal and response variable was TON. Changes of variables between Bacillus (mL/L) and time (day) on TON reduction were observed the more variables increased, the more improved efficiency of odor removal. Final TON value of mixed Bacillus was reduced to 40, Bacillus methylotrophicus (B1), Bacillus subtilis (B2) and Bacillus atrophaeus (B1) showed 40, 34 and 50 respectively. Bacillus subtilis (B2) was the most effective deodorizing bacteria. Based on the result, Bacillus subtilis (B2) was carried out experiments for the mass culture.
Plackett-Burman design and response surface methodology were used to optimize cultural conditions for Bacillus subtilis growth. Plackett-Burman design was an appropriate method to screen significant variables. Statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the results showed soy peptone, sucrose, yeast extract, K2HPO4 and CuSO4 were important components and that their interactions were strong. And the optimum medium concentration considered with cost was composed of soy peptone 2.6 g/L, sucrose 10 g/L, yeast extract 3.57 g/L, K2HPO4 and CuSO4 were presented that was not significant.
Economic evaluation of the product has determined in comparison with the selling price. Manufacturing price was determined 500 won/L that was cheaper than the selling price (3,000 won/L) about 83 %.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목 차 ⅰ
• List of Tables ⅲ
• List of Figures ⅴ
• Abstract ⅷ
• 제 1 장 서 론 1
• 제 2 장 문헌연구 4
• 2.1 악취물질과 특성 4
• 2.2 환경기초시설에서의 악취발생현황 7
• 2.2.1 악취 민원 발생현황 7
• 2.2.2 음식물류 폐기물에 의한 악취 8
• 2.3 악취제거 방법 10
• 2.3.1 물리·화학적 악취제거 방법 10
• 2.3.2 생물학적 악취제거 방법 12
• 2.3.3 악취제거 미생물 14
• 제 3 장 재료 및 실험방법 16
• 3.1 Bacillus의 분리 및 동정 실험 16
• 3.2 Bacillus의 음식물류 폐기물 악취제거 실험 18
• 3.3 대량배양을 위한 배지제조 실험 19
• 3.3.1 배지의 구성 19
• 3.3.2 Plackett-Burman design을 이용한 대량배양 실험계획 21
• 3.3.3 반응표면분석법을 이용한 대량배양 실험계획 24
• 제 4 장 실험결과 및 고찰 26
• 4.1 Bacillus 미생물의 분리 및 동정 26
• 4.1.1 염기서열 분석 26
• 4.1.2 SEM(Scanning Electron Microscope) 촬영 결과 28
• 4.2 Bacillus 의 음식물류 폐기물 악취제거 29
• 4.2.1 혼합 Bacillus 의 악취제거 29
• 4.2.2 Bacillus methylotrophicus (B1)의 악취제거 33
• 4.2.3 Bacillus subtilis (B2)의 악취제거 37
• 4.2.4 Bacillus atrophaeus (B3)의 악취제거 41
• 4.3 대량배양을 위한 배지제조 46
• 4.3.1 Plackett-Burman design을 이용한 주요 배지 구성요소 46
• 4.3.2 반응표면분석법을 이용한 최적 배지 구성요소 50
• 4.3.3 제조배지와 시판배지의 경제성 비교 61
• 제 5 장 결론 63