The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of the group art therapy using traditional fairy tales on the improvement of the sociality of infants, that is to say, cooperation, personal understanding, autonomy and interaction between peers and ...
The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of the group art therapy using traditional fairy tales on the improvement of the sociality of infants, that is to say, cooperation, personal understanding, autonomy and interaction between peers and promotion of sociality.
The subjects of this study were 16 infants attending at the age 6 class of D kindergarten located in A city of Gyeonggi-do and 8 out 16 were assigned to the experimental group and 8 to the comparison group at random. The group art therapy using traditional fairy tales was performed once or twice for 60 minutes per session totaling 15 sessions for the experimental group that was divided into 4 groups composed of 4 infants respectively, and I led the therapy and homeroom teachers were accompanied for session 1, 5, 10 and 14 to record the social behavior observation
of infants together. An art teacher progressed the coloring program after listening to traditional fairy tales for the comparison group during the same period.
The research tools were infant's sociality scale that was revised and supplemented in compliance with the conditions of our country from the Social Ability Test of Jiao and Ji (1986) as well as the Social Maturity Test of Vineland (1977) by Kim Sook-kyung (1989) and KSD (Kinetic School Drawing). First, in order to verify the program effects, SPSS 22 Program was utilized and the
sociality scores of pre-test, post-test and follow-up test of the experimental group and those of pre-test and post-test of the comparison group were compared and analyzed and because the cases of the samples were not enough and difficult to satisfy normality assumption, the non-parametric test was used Second, in order to supplement the quantitative measurement based on teacher's reports, KSD of pre-test, post-test and follow-up test that is a test of pictures directly drawn by infants was compared and analyzed. Third, the changes in the social behavior
observation of infants were divided and compared by the verbal and nonverbal expressions and the characteristics shown in works.
The findings can be summarized as follows:
First, as a result of the analysis of the effects of the group art therapy using traditional fairy tales on the sociality of infants, the experimental group that experienced the program showed improvement of sociality scores compared to the comparison group and increase of cooperation and autonomy. However, there were no effects on personal understanding and interaction between peers. This means that the group art therapy using traditional fairy tales gave positive influences on cooperation and autonomy among the sociality of infants and sociality sub-areas.
Second, as a result of the analysis of the effects of the group art therapy using traditional fairy tales on KSD, the experimental group that experienced the program showed improvement of sociality compared to the comparison group.
Third, as a result of the analysis of the characteristics found in the verbal and nonverbal expressions and works about the changes in the social behavior observation of infants, the infants in the experimental group generally showed high social behavior frequency in the characteristics of the verbal and nonverbal expressions and works as in general, the program progressed. But interaction between peers showed reduction of response frequency as the program progressed to the latter half.
To sum it up, the group art therapy using traditional fairy tales was found to have positive effects on the improvement of the sociality of infants. Accordingly, this study is all significant in that it suggested the group art therapy using traditional fairy tales that is effective to the sociality of infants that is formed from the influence of surrounding environment.