Traditional art education can provide balanced perspective on culture and facilitate creation of new culture. Thus, it can contribute immensely to securing identity of our culture and cultural competitiveness amidst globalizing and diversifying phenom...
Traditional art education can provide balanced perspective on culture and facilitate creation of new culture. Thus, it can contribute immensely to securing identity of our culture and cultural competitiveness amidst globalizing and diversifying phenomenon. However, in the actual education site, difficulties arise as to properly educating traditional art with various aspects, and representation methods are merely reproduced in classes. Moreover, traditional art is recognized as old artworks that learners perceive as rather dull subject that they find no connection with. Thus, systematic education for appreciation of traditional art is required to help proper understanding and induce interest of learners, and ARCS model could trigger learning motivation of learners.
Keller’s ARCS model is a motivational design of instruction that induces motivation of learners and increases their interest in class. This model classifies learners’ motivation into 4 categories and proposes sub-strategies per category. Also, 10-stage motivational design model enable lecture designer to design more systematic motivational strategy. ARCS model can be applied to various subject areas as the most reasonable model to induce motivation.
This study aims to examine the effects of traditional art appreciation class with ARCS model application on learning motivation and academic achievement of grade 5 learners.
Hypotheses of this study are as follows.
First, traditional art appreciation class with ARCS model application will have significant effect on learning motivation of learners.
Second, traditional art appreciation class with ARCS model application will have significant effect on academic achievement of learners.
For theoretical background for research, characteristics and importance of traditional art education, as well as categories and systematic procedure of ARCS model were examined. Significance of implementation of ARCS model in traditional art class was discussed, and traditional art appreciation class was designed with application of ARCS model.
Subjects of this study were 46 students from two grade 5 classes in E Elementary School in Seoul, and the lecture was conducted from September 17, 2014 to October 8, 2014. Both experimental and control groups participated in folk painting appreciation and representation program with applied response-centered learning technique, and for the experimental group, ARCS model was integrated in the program. Before the lecture, in order to examine homogeneity of each group, experience, interest, and learning level in art class were investigated. Motivation test was performed before and after the experiment on both groups whose homogeneity was proven, and academic achievement was assessed in three areas: paper assessment, appreciation report assessment, and performance assessment. The results were compared and analyzed using SPSS 22.0 program.
The above research results could be summarized as follows.
First, after conducting ARCS model-applied traditional art appreciation class, experimental group showed significant increase in learning motivation compared to control group.
Second, ARCS model-applied traditional art appreciation class was more effective in enhancing learning motivation and academic achievement that regular traditional art appreciation class.
In conclusion, this study proved that ARCS model-applied appreciation class caused positive effect on learners by inducing learning motivation that is represented by concentration, relevance, confidence, and satisfaction. Such effect promoted academic achievement of learners, suggesting that ARCS model was effective in elevating both learning motivation and academic achievement of learners.
However, as age range of the subjects in this study is limited, follow-up study on various age groups will help generalize the results of this study. Moreover, more research is needed to apply teaching-learning program for heightening learning motivation of learners by implementing this model in various fields other than folk painting such as pictorial art, pottery, craft, and architecture.