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    自治立法權 强化에 관한 硏究

    한글로보기

    https://www.riss.kr/link?id=T13566666

    • 저자
    • 발행사항

      대전: 忠南大學校 大學院, 2014

    • 학위논문사항

      학위논문(박사) -- 忠南大學校 大學院 , 법학과 행정법 전공 , 2014. 8

    • 발행연도

      2014

    • 작성언어

      한국어

    • DDC

      342 판사항(22)

    • 발행국(도시)

      대전

    • 기타서명

      Study on reinforcing legislative power of local autonomy

    • 형태사항

      vi, 179 p.: 삽화; 26 cm.

    • 일반주기명

      충남대학교 논문은 저작권에 의해 보호받습니다.
      지도교수 : 김재호
      참고문헌 : p. 155-174

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    부가정보

    다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract) kakao i 다국어 번역

    The knowledge and information-driven modern society calls for changes in the relative roles of the state government and local municipalities, with increasing emphasis on local self-government as a new decentralized model for state management. Municipalities need to be given autonomy to decide upon policies concerning their region and execute the policies with full responsibility. It can be reasonably said that it is the legislative power of local authorities that is one of the most critical and indispensable elements in ensuring their operation with full self-accountability. Legislative powers are essential for sustained operation of municipalities as well as successful implementation of local self-government.

    The entrenched dominance of the central government, however, still remains, restraining the legislative power of municipalities, with individual laws stipulating local affairs as national affairs with detailed provisions which effectively limit the room for establishing ordinances. Against this backdrop, this study was triggered by the necessity of closing the gap between constitutional provisions and the Law on Local Self-government and other related legislations in terms of the legislative power of local authorities, and addressing issues concerning the theories of judicial precedents regarding functions delegated to local authorities and ordinances, and ordinances on punitive administrative actions.

    This paper discusses the scope and limitations of the legislative power of local governments, along with law and policy considerations for constitutional/legal amendment for strengthening local legislative powers, and for reestablishment of the relationship between laws and ordinances.

    First, constitutional amendment could be considered, to allow local authorities greater legislative powers. Deliberation would be necessary on ways to extend local legislative powers, through explicit exclusion of the application of the Article 37-2 (General Provision on the Limit of Restriction of Constitutional Rights) and the Article 40 (Principle of Legislation by the National Assembly) of the constitution to provisions concerning the exercise of local legislative powers. The proviso of the Article 22 of the Law on Local Self-government, which provides for legal reservation on ordinances, could be deleted to rule out, in principle, the general legal reservation concerning ordinances, and to preferably apply only the principle of the superior status of laws.

    If the elimination of the proviso is not feasible, as an alternative for strengthening local legislative powers within the limits of the existing laws and institutions, direct delegation from laws to ordinances could be further expanded.

    Following suggestions can be made as to legal and policy improvement for a redefined relationship between laws and ordinances, aimed at increasing the legislative power of local authorities.

    1. Local municipalities need to be better perceived as autonomous and comprehensive entities holding administrative and legislative power and engaging in the vertical separation of power with the state government. Mechanisms of handling affairs need to be rearranged to resolve related problems. To this end, state affairs delegated to local governments need to be integrated into municipal affairs. The practice of delegating affairs to affiliate institutions of municipalities need to be revoked or the affairs need to be reverted to the central government, as their boundaries are obscure and they limit the involvement of local assembly and hamper the autonomy of local authorities due to the interference of the central government.

    2. To stimulate devolution of state powers and functions to local authorities, the legislation of a law on blanket devolution is necessary, along with improvements in the procedures for law-to-ordinance delegations, as well as deregulation within the laws. In addition, administrative penalties on noncompliance to ordinances need to be introduced, in order to ensure the effectiveness of ordinances.

    3. Engagement of local authorities in legislative processes need to be ensured, and thoughts should be given to allowing the submission of constitutional appeals to the Constitutional Court when the constitutional autonomy of local governments are infringed by individual laws, as it is the case in Germany. Furthermore, we need to do away with standard ordinances which have been customarily imposed upon municipalities, in order to build local legislative capacity and to strengthen the legislation supporting functions within local assembly. To this end, the legislative capacity of the members of the local assembly and the local government need to be strengthened.
    번역하기

    The knowledge and information-driven modern society calls for changes in the relative roles of the state government and local municipalities, with increasing emphasis on local self-government as a new decentralized model for state management. Municipa...

    The knowledge and information-driven modern society calls for changes in the relative roles of the state government and local municipalities, with increasing emphasis on local self-government as a new decentralized model for state management. Municipalities need to be given autonomy to decide upon policies concerning their region and execute the policies with full responsibility. It can be reasonably said that it is the legislative power of local authorities that is one of the most critical and indispensable elements in ensuring their operation with full self-accountability. Legislative powers are essential for sustained operation of municipalities as well as successful implementation of local self-government.

    The entrenched dominance of the central government, however, still remains, restraining the legislative power of municipalities, with individual laws stipulating local affairs as national affairs with detailed provisions which effectively limit the room for establishing ordinances. Against this backdrop, this study was triggered by the necessity of closing the gap between constitutional provisions and the Law on Local Self-government and other related legislations in terms of the legislative power of local authorities, and addressing issues concerning the theories of judicial precedents regarding functions delegated to local authorities and ordinances, and ordinances on punitive administrative actions.

    This paper discusses the scope and limitations of the legislative power of local governments, along with law and policy considerations for constitutional/legal amendment for strengthening local legislative powers, and for reestablishment of the relationship between laws and ordinances.

    First, constitutional amendment could be considered, to allow local authorities greater legislative powers. Deliberation would be necessary on ways to extend local legislative powers, through explicit exclusion of the application of the Article 37-2 (General Provision on the Limit of Restriction of Constitutional Rights) and the Article 40 (Principle of Legislation by the National Assembly) of the constitution to provisions concerning the exercise of local legislative powers. The proviso of the Article 22 of the Law on Local Self-government, which provides for legal reservation on ordinances, could be deleted to rule out, in principle, the general legal reservation concerning ordinances, and to preferably apply only the principle of the superior status of laws.

    If the elimination of the proviso is not feasible, as an alternative for strengthening local legislative powers within the limits of the existing laws and institutions, direct delegation from laws to ordinances could be further expanded.

    Following suggestions can be made as to legal and policy improvement for a redefined relationship between laws and ordinances, aimed at increasing the legislative power of local authorities.

    1. Local municipalities need to be better perceived as autonomous and comprehensive entities holding administrative and legislative power and engaging in the vertical separation of power with the state government. Mechanisms of handling affairs need to be rearranged to resolve related problems. To this end, state affairs delegated to local governments need to be integrated into municipal affairs. The practice of delegating affairs to affiliate institutions of municipalities need to be revoked or the affairs need to be reverted to the central government, as their boundaries are obscure and they limit the involvement of local assembly and hamper the autonomy of local authorities due to the interference of the central government.

    2. To stimulate devolution of state powers and functions to local authorities, the legislation of a law on blanket devolution is necessary, along with improvements in the procedures for law-to-ordinance delegations, as well as deregulation within the laws. In addition, administrative penalties on noncompliance to ordinances need to be introduced, in order to ensure the effectiveness of ordinances.

    3. Engagement of local authorities in legislative processes need to be ensured, and thoughts should be given to allowing the submission of constitutional appeals to the Constitutional Court when the constitutional autonomy of local governments are infringed by individual laws, as it is the case in Germany. Furthermore, we need to do away with standard ordinances which have been customarily imposed upon municipalities, in order to build local legislative capacity and to strengthen the legislation supporting functions within local assembly. To this end, the legislative capacity of the members of the local assembly and the local government need to be strengthened.

    더보기

    목차 (Table of Contents)

    • 제1장 서론 1
    • 제1절 연구의 목적 1
    • 제2절 연구의 범위와 방법 3
    • 제2장 자치입법권의 의의 5
    • 제1장 서론 1
    • 제1절 연구의 목적 1
    • 제2절 연구의 범위와 방법 3
    • 제2장 자치입법권의 의의 5
    • 제1절 자치입법권과 조례 5
    • 1. 자치입법권의 의의 5
    • 2. 조례의 의의와 기능 7
    • 1) 조례의 의의 7
    • 가. 민주적 정당성 8
    • 나. 법규범성 8
    • 다. 자주법성 9
    • 라. 지역법성 10
    • 2) 조례의 기능 12
    • 가. 국가입법권의 수직적․기능적 권력분립 기능 12
    • 나. 정책의 계속성과 체계성 부여 기능 14
    • 다. 창조적 입법기능 14
    • 라. 지역특성 반영 및 현실적합적 조정기능 15
    • 제2절 자치입법권의 법적 성격 17
    • 1. 고유권설에 입각한 조례자주입법설 17
    • 2. 전래설에 입각한 조례자주입법설 18
    • 3. 조례위임입법설 19
    • 4. 소결 20
    • 제3장 외국의 자치입법권 23
    • 제1절 독일 23
    • 1. 지방자치단체 23
    • 1) 지방자치단체의 법적지위 23
    • 2) 지방자치단체의 유형 26
    • 2. 자치입법권 27
    • 1) 자치입법권의 근거 27
    • 2) 조례와 법률과의 관계 28
    • 3) 조례의 범위 30
    • 제2절 일본 32
    • 1. 지방자치단체 32
    • 1) 지방자치단체의 법적지위 32
    • 2) 지방자치단체의 유형 32
    • 2. 자치입법권 34
    • 1) 사무와 자치입법권 35
    • 2) 법률우위의 원칙과 자치입법권 37
    • 가. 초기 법률선점이론 38
    • 나. 명백성이론 39
    • 다. 자치사무 최저기준론 40
    • 라. 규제한도법률․최저기준법률 구분론 41
    • 3) 초과조례와 추가조례 42
    • 4) 법률유보의 원칙과 자치입법권 44
    • 5) 최근의 경향 46
    • 제3절 영국 47
    • 1. 지방자치단체 47
    • 1) 지방자치단체의 법적지위 47
    • 2) 지방자치단체의 유형 49
    • 2. 자치입법권 49
    • 1) 자치입법의 근거 49
    • 2) 조례와 법률과의 관계 50
    • 3) 조례의 범위 51
    • 제4절 미국 52
    • 1. 지방자치단체 52
    • 1) 지방자치단체의 법적지위 53
    • 2) 지방자치단체의 유형 54
    • 2. 자치입법권 55
    • 1) 자치입법권의 근거 55
    • 2) 조례와 법률과의 관계 56
    • 가. Dillon's Rule 56
    • 나. Home Rule 58
    • 3) 조례의 범위 59
    • 제5절 소결 61
    • 제4장 자치입법권의 범위와 한계 64
    • 제1절 지방자치단체의 사무와 조례 64
    • 1. 자치사무 65
    • 1) 자치사무의 의의 65
    • 2) 자치사무의 범위와 성격 66
    • 2. 위임사무 68
    • 1) 단체위임사무 69
    • 가. 단체위임사무의 의의 69
    • 나. 단체위임사무의 성격 70
    • 2) 기관위임사무 70
    • 가. 기관위임사무의 의의 70
    • 나. 기관위임사무의 성격 71
    • 3. 사무구분의 현황 및 문제점 72
    • 제2절 법률우위의 원칙과 조례 74
    • 1. 법률우위의 원칙 74
    • 1) 법률우위의 원칙의 의의 74
    • 2) 법률우위의 원칙의 위반여부에 대한 판단기준 78
    • 2. 국법공백분야와 조례 79
    • 1) 국법미비분야에서의 조례 79
    • 2) 국법폐지분야에서의 조례 82
    • 3. 법률선점영역과 조례 82
    • 제3절 법률유보의 원칙과 조례 87
    • 1. 법률유보의 원칙의 의의 87
    • 2. 학설의 대립 88
    • 1) 합헌설 88
    • 2) 위헌설 89
    • 3) 절충설 90
    • 4) 판례 90
    • 5) 소결 92
    • 3. 자치입법권 강화를 위한 헌법과 지방자치법 개정 논의 92
    • 제5장 자치입법권 강화 방안 94
    • 제1절 지방자치단체에 대한 인식 강화 94
    • 제2절 지방자치단체 사무체계 개편을 통한 자치입법권 강화 96
    • 1. 현행법상 사무구분 96
    • 1) 자치사무의 문제점과 개선방안 96
    • 2) 단체위임사무의 문제점과 개선방안 98
    • 3) 기관위임사무의 문제점과 개선방안 98
    • 가. 사무구분의 어려움 98
    • 나. 자치권 침해 102
    • 2. 사무의 재배분 103
    • 1) 사무구분의 이론체계 104
    • 가. 현행법상 사무구분의 이론체계 104
    • 나. 사무이원론과 사무일원론 106
    • 다. 사무일원론의 지향 107
    • 2) 합리적인 사무배분 방안 109
    • 가. 사무배분의 기본원칙 설정 및 규정 신설 109
    • 나. 사무의 재배분 112
    • 3) 자치입법권 강화를 위한 헌법 개정 논의 115
    • 제3절 국가권한 및 사무의 지방이양 촉진 116
    • 1. 이양의 필요성과 발굴현황 117
    • 2. 2000년 이후 사무이양 결정 유형 117
    • 3. 국가의 권한과 사무의 일괄이양 입법 추진 120
    • 제4절 법률유보의 완화를 통한 자치입법권 강화 122
    • 1. 위임방법의 개선 및 법령 규제밀도 완화 122
    • 2. 벌칙제정권 129
    • 1) 현행 제도의 문제점 129
    • 가. 벌칙제정권의 문제 130
    • 나. 과태료 부과의 문제 131
    • 2) 조례위반에 대한 벌칙제정권 부여 134
    • 제5절 그 밖의 자치입법권 강화 방안 136
    • 1. 입법과정에의 참여 136
    • 1) 입법과정 참여의 필요성 136
    • 2) 현행 입법과정 참여제도와 문제점 138
    • 3) 개선방안 140
    • 2. 지방자치단체와 헌법소원 143
    • 3. 표준조례의 지양 143
    • 4. 지방의회 입법지원 기능강화 145
    • 5. 자치입법 제정 능력 강화 148
    • 6. 지방의회의 권한 존중 및 확대 150
    • 제6장 결론 151
    • 참고문헌 155
    • 초록 175
    • ABSTRACT 177
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