아동이 지각하는 부모공감과 자기효능감의 관계

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

ABSTRACT

The Relationship between Child’s Perceived Parental Empathy and Self-Efficacy
in Child

This study aims to investigate the relationship between parental empathy and self-efficacy in child. Although many studies argue that self-efficacy in child could be associated with parental empathy, existing literature paid little attention to empirically measure how sub-factors of parental empathy are related to sub-factors of self-efficacy in child. By surveying 326 elementary students from the fourth to sixth grade in Daegu, this study measures parental empathy and self-efficacy, both perceived by child. The survey data are analyzed to examine how parental empathy is associated with self efficacy and how parental empathy has an impact on self-efficacy. Methodologically, descriptive statistics, two way ANOVAs, correlation analysis, and stepwise multiple regression analysis are utilized to study research questions. The analyses support that parental empathy, perceived by child has an impact on self-efficacy in child. In particular, paternal awareness of emotion, perspective taking, and empathic emotional reaction, which are the sub-factors of parental empathy are positively associated with self-efficacy in child while cold emotional reaction is negatively related. Finally, the regression model shows that self confidence of child is more affected by mother’s empathy, including empathic emotional reaction and excessive emotional reaction, while task difficulty preference is more influenced by father’s empathy such as empathic emotional reaction. Self regulatory efficacy is affected by both mother and father’s sub-factors of parental empathy. These findings imply that the gender difference between mother and father has a different impact on self-efficacy, depending on sub-factors of self-efficacy. This research would make a contribution to revealing how mother and father could enhance child’s self-efficacy in different ways.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목 차
• Ⅰ. 서론 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 1
• 2. 연구문제 6
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 7
• 1. 부모공감 7
• 1) 부모공감의 개념 7
• 2) 부모공감의 영향 8
• 2. 자기효능감 9
• 1) 자기효능감의 개념 9
• 2) 자기효능감의 원천 11
• 3) 자기효능감에 영향을 미치는 요인 12
• 3. 부모공감과 아동의 자기효능감 간의 관계 14
• Ⅲ. 연구방법 16
• 1. 연구대상 16
• 2. 측정도구 18
• 1) 부모공감 척도 18
• 2) 자기효능감 척도 19
• 3. 연구절차 20
• 1) 예비조사 20
• 2) 본 조사 21
• 4. 자료분석 21
• Ⅳ. 연구결과 22
• 1. 아동의 성별과 학년에 따른 부모공감과 자기효능감 22
• 1) 아동의 성별과 학년에 따른 아버지 공감 22
• 2) 아동의 성별과 학년에 따른 어머니 공감 25
• 3) 아동의 성별과 학년에 따른 자기효능감 28
• 2. 부모공감과 아동의 자기효능감 간의 관계 31
• 3. 부모공감이 아동의 자기효능감에 미치는 영향 33
• Ⅴ. 논의 및 결론 37
• 1. 요약 및 논의 37
• 1) 아동의 성별과 학년에 따른 부모공감과 자기효능감 37
• 2) 부모공감과 아동의 자기효능감 간의 관계 39
• 3) 부모공감이 아동의 자기효능감에 미치는 영향 42
• 2. 결론 및 제언 45
• 참고문헌 47
• 부 록 57