일본 민설공원의 민간자본 활용방법과 특징에 관한 연구

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Recently, in the social backdrop of prolonged economic recession, along with financial difficulties of local governments and the like, the expansion of urban parks is in reality, problematic. To resolve this problem, the energy of the people has been harnessed and the movement to expand urban parks is fast becoming a reality.
However, in terms of systems and methods, theoretical data is insufficient. Therefore in this study, the current conditions of Japan’s private development parks, being similar to that of South Korea’s park systems, were examined. In addition, the study also aimed at conducting research, analyzing legal systems, public-private
partnerships, maintenance and such, to draw out directions and implications on developing and increasing numbers of parks created by people.
As a result, among the private development parks located in all areas of Japan identified by our research, the number of private development parks which perform the roles of a park and have identified that only 1 place was a private development park created by legal institutions, and the remaining 18 were not affiliated with any legal institutions.
As for the private cooperation system, in the case of private
development parks created under agreement and entente made from a local government’s independent strategies, such developed parks were identified as being constructed and maintained by receiving tax favor incentives. Among the tax favor incentives, there were forms of gaining support for creating privately developed parks through real estate acquisition tax, city planning tax and such. In
addition, forms of gaining support to maintain the parks included tax reductions, such as fixed property tax, income tax, corporate tax, inheritance tax and others. In the matter of geographical classification, two types of parks were identified; privately developed parks, able to perform the function of substitutes for urban parks
located in the city, and non-urban parks having the potential value of being able to perform the function of a potential park. In addition, in the means of operation systems, two forms of privately developed parks existed; those that had operation management from firms and individuals with personal objectives, to vitalize and
contribute solely to the district without the pressure from local governments, and forms of parks paying maintenance fees by proxy from incentives.
Through the findings, to introduce and induce private capital
utilization for expanding parks, it is crucial to introduce strategic incentive programs. In addition, for construction, maintenance and administration, this study is also of great significance in constructing a framework for cooperation between people and government.