The age classes approaching the middle age of 40-59 in age by having been born from 1955 till 1974 as the baby boom generations are facing the situations very uncertain and difficult to predict the certain alternatives and ways for the measures of pre...
The age classes approaching the middle age of 40-59 in age by having been born from 1955 till 1974 as the baby boom generations are facing the situations very uncertain and difficult to predict the certain alternatives and ways for the measures of preparing the old age, and they also have the difficulties of predicting the future on the economic and psychological problems of their old age against the facts that the national pension, basic old age pension and the policies for the guarantee of the income in the old age under the actual realities that the individual and social concerns have been concentrated on 'the preparation of the old age' so clearly.
By reflecting such realities this dissertation has the aim of examining the characters of old age preparation, consciousness of the old age, attitude on retirement, and the preference degree for the education program in the old age according to the demographical characters such as sex, scholastic ability, occupation, income, subjective economic situations, form of the family structure, health, and the areas concerned with the 1st and 2nd baby boom generations born from 1955 till 1974 as the objects through the researches on consciousness for the preparation of the old age, characters of attitude on the retirement, and the important factors for the decision of the adaptation to the old age.
This dissertation also has the aim of understanding what factors have been affecting the successful aging through deep approach to the characters for the preparation of the old age, health maintaining activities, preparation for the fund for the old age, participation at the society, hobby and leisure activities and preparation for leisure including the physical preparation, emotional preparation, and economic and leisure preparation.
Through such understandings this dissertation also has the aim of putting the significance in improving service and system of the welfare for the aged to be able to solve the problems in the old age and prepare for the successful aging and old age of the middle classes by examining how the characters of the preparation of the old age and the attitude of the retirement affect the adaptation in the old age as the important factors for the decision.
When we examine the result of the analyses followed by the purpose of such study men have showed higher point in the degree of satisfying with the life in all items than women when we compared each average degree according to the demographic characters, and we reached the understanding that the 1st baby boom generation has showed the higher degree of satisfaction generally than the 2nd baby boom generation according to the age.
When we examine according to the scholastic ability, there showed the difference by the items in the difference of the degree of satisfaction with life, and the difference of the degree of satisfaction with life according to the married situations has showed that the married people have showed higher degree of satisfaction with life than the unmarried, the separated by death, the separated, or the divorced.
Therefore, we reached the understanding that the level of the degree of satisfaction with life has showed significant difference respectively in the level of the degree of satisfaction with life according to the demographic and social characters.
When we examine the attitude on the retirement of the replied, generally they showed the higher positive attitude than the common 3 points by the items, and especially they had the desire of continuing the works they had performed if possible even after the retirement to show the most affirmative attitude of 3.53 points in the above item.
I came to know that they showed the affirmative attitude by saying that they want to perform economic activities and re-employ ment activities continuously even after the retirement by 3.48 points in the item, and at the same time they said that the retirement is the time they can have the time of looking back at me by retiring from the works they have performed.
The 1st and 2nd baby boom generations who participated at the questions have showed the optimistic and affirmative attitude as they showed the low level of 2.28 points in the item on the question if the retirement means that they become the persons good for nothing.
When we see the demographic and statistical analyses we reach the understanding that the attitude for the retirement on the time of retirement, re-employment after retirement, and the economic preparation to prepare for the old age had the respective difference and character just like the item of the degree of satisfaction with life. Also in case of the group having higher degree of satisfaction with life there existed significant difference in the attitude on the retirement such as the time of retirement, re-employment after retirement, economic preparation for the old age and others, and so when we analyze the interrelation from the above, the hypothesis that they would show meaningful difference in the attitude such as the time of retirement, re-employment after retirement, and economic preparation to prepare the old age might be notable in the case of the group having high degree of satisfaction with life. Moreover we can understand the fact that higher the degree of satisfaction with life, the attitude for retirement has showed affirmative aspects.
The result of the investigation on the continued period of economic activities showed that the 60s and 70s in age have showed higher by 138 persons with 44.5% while the respondents who wanted to be working till they can though they are over the age of 70 by 84 in number with 27.1% followed by 51-60 in age showed 74 in number with 23.9% to make us think that they wanted to work till they are over the age of 60 though they are older than 55 in age which is the age of retirement presently. According to such result the 1st and 2nd baby boom generations have the strong consciousness for the preparation for the old age by themselves with the positive image in economic activities.
At the same time the result of the examination by the questions on the thought of the time for the preparation of the old age has showed that the answers of the quicker the better showed most by 45.8% with 142 in number nearing the majority followed by 78 in number with 25.2% who wanted the preparation for the old age from 40s in age, 42 in number with 13.5% who wanted the old age preparation from 30s in age and 38 in number with 12.3% who wanted the preparation for the old age from 50s in age to make us understand that the respondents in the age of the middle classes had the thought that it would be better to prepare for the old age earlier if possible.
When we examine the degree of recognition on the preparation for the old age followed by the demographic and social characters, there showed the difference while the respondents to the questions on the first necessary thing for the old age answered that the physical health is the first necessary thing by 45.2% with 140 in number followed by 100 in number with 32.3% who said that economic ability is the first, and 34 in number with 11.0% who answered that suitable role(work) is the best and first to make us understand that they put the priority to the same health regardless of age sex, scholastic ability, income and family structure in the aging years. So we can understand that there is no difference in the priority to the health.
Also the result of the investigation by the question on who is responsible for the support in old age has showed that 256 answered by 82.6% of the all respondents that they themselves are responsible followed by 44 in number with 14.2% who said that society and government are responsible, and 10 in number with 3.2% answered that the children are responsible to show the analyses that there existed no big differences according to the characters of demographic and sociological science, the degree of satisfaction with life, and the attitude on the retirement.
Then the result of the investigation by the question on the expense in a month for the old age life over the age of 60 has showed that 82 in number needed about 2,010,000 - 2,500,000 Won by 26.5% followed by 64 in number who required 1,510,000 - 2,000,000 Won a month with 20.6% and 62 required 2,510,000 - 3,000,000 Won monthly with 20.0%.
The respondents on the methods of preparing for the old age answered that 184 persons answered that they live by the savings, installment deposit, and insurance by 31.5% followed by 158 who live by the national pension of the government with 27.1%, 118 answered that they live by personal pension with 20.2%, and 98 who answered that they will solve the living expense by working until the day they can work with 16.8%. Such results have made us understand that unlike the past the baby boom generations have been using diverse financial goods for the preparation for the old age economically and positively and preparing for their old age by themselves and their spouses by being the members of the government national pension.
The result of the investigation on the preparation for the old age such as the physical, emotional, economic and spare time preparations of the respondents has showed that emotional preparation has showed the highest by 3.34 point in average of the 4 old age preparation areas followed by the physical preparation by 3.15 point, the spare time preparation by 3.01 point and the economic preparation by 2.96 point to show that the most necessary preparation has not been satisfactory when compared to the result that health and economic ability showed 140 persons by 45.2% and 100 by 32.3% respectively when asked on what is most necessary for the happy old age.
When they were asked to choose the leisure activity they prefer best after retirement, they chose the outdoor activities most such as the travel and taking walk in the park by 32.7% followed by the physical activities such as physical exercise, climbing, jogging, swimming and others by 24.6%, hobby activities such as reading, fishing and others by 13.2% and cultural activities like music, drama, and movie appreciation by 12.7%.
The result of the investigation by the question on the life time study if participating at the study of life has showed that 31.4% answered that they prefer common sense on the health, diet cure, prevention and control of the diseases and education on the health control for the aged followed by the education of history, philosophy, sociology, politics, culture and cultural current affair education by 18.1% and education of foreign language such as English, Japanese and Chinese by 14.0% to make us understand that the baby boom generations in their middle classes had the positive posture to meet the facts on the old age health management directly related with the old age life most followed by the desire for playing the role as a member of society continuously through the education of current affairs and foreign languages with the educational level far higher than the past.
Through this study I came to understand that baby boom generations have big desire for performing activities in the sound parts of the economic independence and old age preparation for themselves, and as the preparation for the old age can be affected by the degree of satisfaction with the life at present, consciousness for the preparation for the old age, and attitude on retirement, so the baby boom generations should have the social prop to be able to understand the necessities on the preparation for the old age for the first. Secondly the baby boom generations need the cultured professional human powers like the old age life planners and counselors who can help them plan and prepare for the old age life design to be able to help them actually in establishing the measures for the old age by presenting diverse programs.