영적 안녕감과 포커싱적 태도가 삶의 질에 미치는 영향 : 호스피스 자원봉사자를 중심으로 = The Effect of Spiritual Well-being and Focusing manner on Quality of life : Focused on Hospice volunteer

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 호스피스 자원봉사자의 삶의 질에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 요인으로서 영적 안녕감과 포커싱적 태도의 영향력을 검토해 보고, 호스피스 자원봉사자의 삶의 질 관리 및 향상을 위한 현실적인 대안으로서의 포커싱의 적용 가능성을 검증해 보는 기초자료를 마련하는데 그 목적이 있다.
본 연구는 서울 및 경기지역의 호스피스 센터에서 활동 중인 호스피스 자원봉사자, 한국호스피스협회 추계학술대회에 참석한 호스피스 자원봉사자 225명을 대상으로 삶의 질 척도, 영적 안녕감 척도, 포커싱적 태도 척도 간편형을 사용하여 조사 연구를 실시하고 분석하였다. 그에 따른 결과는 다음과 같다.
첫째, 호스피스 자원봉사자의 인구통계학적 제 특성에 따른 삶의 질, 영적 안녕감, 그리고 포커싱적 태도에 차이가 있는지 알아본 결과, 연령, 종교에 따른 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다.
둘째, 호스피스 자원봉사자의 영적 안녕감, 포커싱적 태도, 삶의 질 간의 관계를 알아본 결과 영적 안녕감, 포커싱적 태도 및 삶의 질 간에 유의한 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 삶의 질의 하위요인인 ‘삶의 만족’과 ‘삶의 기대’는 ‘초월적 영성’과 유의한 정적 상관으로 나타났으며 ‘삶의 동기’, ‘삶의 만족’, ‘삶의 기대’ 모두 ‘실존적 영성’과 유의한 정적상관을 보였다. 삶의 질과 포커싱적 태도는 정적상관을 보이고 하위요인에서는 ‘삶의 동기’는 포커싱적 태도 중 ‘여유갖기’와 유의한 정적상관을 나타났다. ‘삶의 만족’과의 상관에서는 포커싱적 태도 중 ‘체험 수용과 표현하기’, ‘여유갖기’, ‘체험 주의집중하기’와 유의한 정적상관을 보였다. ‘삶의 기대’와의 상관에서는 포커싱적 태도 중 ‘체험 수용과 표현하기’, ‘여유갖기’, ‘체험 주의집중하기’와 유의한 정적상관을 보였다. 영적 안녕감과 포커싱적 태도의 관계에서 ‘초월적 영성’은 포커싱적 태도 중 ‘느껴보기’와 부적상관,‘ 여유갖기’와 유의한 정적상관을 보였으며, ‘실존적 영성’은 포커싱적 태도 중 ‘느껴보기’와 부적상관, ‘체험 수용과 표현하기’, ‘여유갖기’와 유의한 정적상관을 보였다.
셋째, 삶의 질에 대한 영적 안녕감과 포커싱적 태도의 상대적 영향력을 알아본 결과 ‘삶의 동기’에 대해서 ‘실존적 영성’, ‘느껴보기’, ‘여유갖기’ 순으로 영향력이 높게 나타났다. ‘삶의 만족’에 대해서는 ‘실존적 영성’, ‘여유갖기’ 순으로 영향력이 높게 나타났고 ‘삶의 기대’에 대해서는 ‘실존적 영성’, ‘여유갖기’, ‘체험 주의집중하기’ 순으로 영향력이 높게 나타났다.

이상의 연구 결과를 통하여, 영적 안녕감과 포커싱적 태도의 요인이 호스피스 자원봉사자의 삶의 질에 미치는 영향을 논의하였으며, 연구의 제한점 및 앞으로의 연구방향에 대해 제안하였다.



주요어 : 호스피스 자원봉사자, 영적 안녕감, 포커싱적 태도, 삶의 질

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of spiritual well-being and focusing manner as a positive factor affecting quality of life of a hospice volunteer and establish the fundamental data to verify an applicability of focusing as a realistic alternative for managing and increasing the quality of life of a hospice volunteer.
Research study has been carried out and analyzed by a simple self-report survey estimating a measure of quality of life, spiritual well-being, and focusing manner targeting 225 of hospice volunteers who take part in the fall meeting of the Korea Hospice Association and hospice volunteers working at the hospice centers in Seoul and Gyunggi-do areas.
First, as a result of the research about differences among quality of life, spiritual well-being, and focusing manner according to demographic characteristics, there were disparities in age, academic ability, and religion.
Second, the relationship among quality of life, spiritual well-being, and focusing manner of the hospice volunteers was examined. The result showed that these variables were significantly correlated. 'Life satisfaction’ and 'life expectation' that are the subscale of quality of life were positively correlated with 'transcendental spirituality'. 'Existential spirituality' was positively correlated with 'life motivation', 'life satisfaction', and 'life expectation'.
Quality of life and focusing manner also had a significant positive correlation. The subscale 'life motivation' had a positive correlation with 'keeping composure' among focusing manners. Another subscale 'life satisfaction' was positively correlated with 'experiential acceptance and expression', 'keeping composure' and 'experiential attention' among focusing manners. Lastly, 'life expectation' showed a positive correlation with 'experiential acceptance and expression', 'keeping composure' and 'experiential attention' among focusing manners.
In the relationship between the spiritual well-being and focusing manner, 'transcendental spirituality' showed a significant negative correlation with 'feeling' of focusing manner. On the contrary, 'transcendental spirituality' was positively correlated with 'keeping composure'. 'Existential spirituality' showed a significant negative correlation with 'feeling' of focusing manner, but it had a significant positive correlation with 'experiential acceptance and expression', 'keeping composure'.
Third, as a result of research on a relative effectiveness of spiritual well-being and focusing manner on quality of life, there is a higher influence on 'life motivation' in order of 'existential spirituality’, 'feeling’, ‘experiential attention’, and ‘keeping composure’. The higher effectiveness existed on ‘life satisfaction’ in order of ‘existential spirituality’, ‘keeping composure’, then on ‘life expectation’ in order of ‘existential spirituality’, ‘keeping composure’ and ‘experiential attention’.
In this study, the influences of factors of spiritual well-being and focusing manner on quality of life have been discussed and a limit point and future plan for this study were mentioned.


Keywords: Hospice volunteer, Spiritual well-being, Focusing manner, Quality of life

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목 차
• 국문초록
• Ⅰ. 서론
• 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적·············································1
• 2. 연구문제······························································5
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경
• 1. 호스피스·····························································6
• 1) 호스피스··························································6
• 2) 호스피스 자원봉사자············································7
• 3) 호스피스 자원봉사자 활동내용································8
• 4) 호스피스에서의 스트레스 요인································9
• 2. 삶의 질······························································12
• 3. 영적 안녕감···························································15
• 4. 포커싱································································18
• 1) 포커싱·······························································18
• 2) 포커싱적 태도······················································20
• 5. 호스피스 자원봉사자의 삶의 질, 영적 안녕감,
• 포커싱적 태도와의 관계············································23
• Ⅲ. 연구 방법
• 1. 연구 대상 및 절차···················································27
• 2. 측정 도구······························································29
• 3. 자료 분석······························································34
• Ⅳ. 연구 결과······························································35
• Ⅴ. 논의 및 결론
• 1. 결과의 요약 및 해석················································45
• 2. 연구의 제한점 및 제언··············································55
• 참고문헌····································································57
• 부록··········································································68
• 부록 1. 설문지 표지·······················································68
• 부록 2. 삶의 질 척도·····················································69
• 부록 3. 영적 안녕감 척도·················································70
• 부록 4. 포커싱적 태도 척도··············································72
• Abstract····································································76
• 감사의 글···································································79