In this study, using employment discrimination variables, analyzed the changes in process in which the state of economic activity of persons with disabilities take place in attempt to find a solution to the problem of labor market such as prolonged un...
In this study, using employment discrimination variables, analyzed the changes in process in which the state of economic activity of persons with disabilities take place in attempt to find a solution to the problem of labor market such as prolonged unemployment, unstable labor, and frequent occurrence of discrimination. Especially, by verifying the relevance between the employment discrimination variables and the process changes of economic activity status, it is to predict the justification and employment effects to the controversial Prohibition of Discrimination against People with Disabilities Act(PDPDA).
In order to achieve the purpose of the study, the changes in process of the economic activity status were separated into a) entry process of the labor market (state of unemployment→ implementation of employment) and b) job retention process (state of employment→ implementation of resignation) and research questions were set as follows. First of all, how the time elapsed and the nature an individual disabled could make differences in the potential changes in the state of economic activity were identified. Then, what the influential factors of possibilities in labor market entry and job retention rate are and how different the influential factors of possibilities in the types of disability and escape routes were analyzed by utilizing the Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled(PSED) which is time-series data, to make life table analysis and event history analysis.
After analyzing the possibilities in labor market entry during the period of unemployment, it is found that unemployed disabled individuals’ entry to labor market rate was 9.5% in maximum of 25 months and labor market entry was at its peak up to 12 month but the possibilities of employment rate was extremely low afterwards. According to the findings, it’s predicted that possibilities of employment rate of persons with disabilities are extremely low and unemployment period is to be prolonged. Next, after analyzing the factors of possibilities in labor market entry, it is found that, more men, non-public assistance families, and mild disabilities had a higher chance in entering the labor market. On the other hand, level of education and number of certificates which are consider human capital factors had no influence in entry to labor market. It is also found that individuals without employment discrimination experiences had higher chances in entering the labor market. Specially, it was noted that when employment discrimination was experienced, possibilities in getting a full-time employment was getting low.
As a result of analyzing the possibilities in job retention, it is noticed that resignation from 49 months of employment was about 40%, and resignation happened most in the 1st~2nd year of employment. After that period, there has been a drastic decrease in employment which can be concluded that persons with disabilities generally are in unstable employment status. Next, possibilities in job retention (resignation) analysis showed that more men, with physical and sensory disabilities, with higher wages have a lower chance in getting laid off or resigned. However, human capital factors, level of education and factors of certificates, have no specific influences over job retention(resignation). On the other hand, in case of employment discrimination, individuals with work place discrimination experiences have a higher chance of resignation; however, accommodation installation and obligatory employment company related variables are not providing meaningful influence over possibility of resignation. Also, after experiencing work place discrimination, possibility of resignation as a population not economically active is getting higher. It can be concluded that experience of work place discrimination could act as an obstacle for disabled person’s re-employment.
Looking at these gathered results, it’s expected that person with disability has hard time escaping from unemployment, and employment is even unstable with a high chance of early resignation from work place. In order to resolve the problems, getting rid of disability discrimination that happens at workplace over putting efforts in improving human capital for disabled persons is extremely urgent. Thus, for the employment promotion and employment stabilization of people with disabilities, following policies are in need to be provided. First, the prevention systems of disability discrimination in an employment situation are need to be more considered. To do this, the current system of PDPDA needs to be more strengthened. Also, policy efforts promoting the work incentive and the employment security for the people with disabilities of public assistance families are needed. To secure the effectiveness of human capital for the people with disabilities, discrimination relieving action is to be paralleled with the productivity improvement efforts.
This study is meaningful that utilizes longitudinal data, analyzed dynamically the changing process of economic activity status for the people with disabilities. Especially, this study suggests solutions to the controversy with the PDPDA, the Quota and Levy Systems, and the effectiveness of employment for the people with disabilities which is distinctive.