(Abstract)
This study is on the Birthplace of Saemaul Undong. Globalization movements of the Saemaul Undong is being made in by the Korean Government since the Noughties. Korean Government wants to initiate underdeveloped countries into the Saemaul U...
(Abstract)
This study is on the Birthplace of Saemaul Undong. Globalization movements of the Saemaul Undong is being made in by the Korean Government since the Noughties. Korean Government wants to initiate underdeveloped countries into the Saemaul Undong as a rural development model and a mental exercise for the poor. There are commemoration and memory tasks for the Birthplace of Saemaul Undong during these tendencies. However there are no studies on the Birthplace of Saemaul Undong over the past 40 years. Until now, it is not investigated about the Birthplace of Saemaul Undong but some local governments think of oneself as the real Birthplace of Saemaul Undong. But according to references analysis, Sindo-ri that is located in Cheongdo-eup, Cheongdo-gun and the southernmost part of Gyeongsangbuk-do checked out to get the upper hand as the Birthplace of Saemaul Undong.
The purpose of this thesis is to study cultural memories of the Sindo village called the Birthplace of Saemaul Undong from the Aleida Assmann’s memory theory point of view. It was to be useful Assmann’s theory conducting study. Although 40 years wore away ever since the 1970’s Saemaul Undong finished, historical materials were in great shortage. However there are no hard things to investigate Sindo village by analyzing the memory medias like text, memorial hall etc. In this study, Sindo village is analyzed focusing on the memories of the villagers of Sindo-ri and the local government, Cheongdo-gun.
In summary, the result of the thesis is that: first, Sindo village that was changed already ‘new village(Saemaul)’ before the 1970’s Saemaul Undong started turns out through study to become an object of attention of Park Chung-hee or his government even before on August 4, 1969. This analysis is against to general perception. Up to this now, it is known that Park Chung-hee bumped into Sindo village by chance on the way to the Pusan for inspecting the restoration of flood of Gyeongsangnam-do on August 4, 1969. By the way according to the villagers like Kim Bong-ryong, Park Jong-tae, Lee In-w, the roof change project that it stated in 1967 to form a part of the Improvement of Living Environment Project was nothing less than a order work from president. Park Jong-tae who was village foreman at that time remembered the roof change work as a one of the territorial conservation projects. The first target areas of the territorial conservation projects were Gumi-si, Sajeong-dong(Gyeongsan-si) and Sindo-ri. But Gumi-si was excepted from that project by Park Chung-hee by reasons of Park’s hometown and the project of Sajeong-dong was languished. Only the Sindo villagers step by step fulfilled to the end and after that, they became well-known on a national scale. Sindo village that was changed from thatched-roof houses to tile-roofed houses was became a visiting areas of the government recommendation. We may be able to say that it was not a completely unexpected happening in this respect to stop in front of Sindo village on August 4, 1969.
Second, There were already prominent rural leaders like Kim Bong-ryong, Park Jong-tae, Lee In-w in Sindo village that was offered the idea of Saemaul Undong in 1950s’. Sindo village was started a farm road expand project in the manner of self-deprecation and collaboration under the thorough planning contrary to other villages. The man who took the initiative in the project was Kim Bong-ryong. After that, Park Jong-tae, Lee In-w etc. shared all the joys and sorrows with him. From Sindo village standpoint, the villagers set an example to themselves ‘Saemaul Undong’ and initiated Park Chung-hee into it. This was able to be practicable due to being excellent farmers as well as being prominent rural leaders.
Third, In the beginning there was Dogok village that was located in under the foot of Mt. Hwaak in Sindo-ri, the Birthplace of Saemaul Undong. Originally Sindo-ri was divided into Singi-ri and Dogok-ri. Although this fact is not new, several persons concerned ignored that fact during making the cultural space in Sindo-ri. It had to be preceded to commemorate the ruins of Dogok village for commemorating the Birthplace of Saemaul Undong. The farm road expand project that was quite a change was not started in Singi but in Dogok. There was a behind story between a purpose of Kim Bong-ryong and a plan of Sok Hyo-bong here. This project mobilized up to the police was gave a big lesson to the villagers; ‘We can do it.’ But Dogok village’s site disappeared into thin air doing Recreating Cultural and Traditional Village Project called ‘Saemaul Recreating Project’.
Lastly, It is verified that shape memory frame(place and space frame) is partly finished but contents memory frame(activities of the villagers) is not completed. There are Birthplace of Saemaul Undong and Saemaul Park, but The memory of the villagers is shrouded in Park Chung-hee’s. It has to be reinforced and modified like these to solve this problem. First, It will have to be stuffed with Sindo village and its villagers activities in lobby space that one might say that is a first impression. Although there is to seek or no demonstrate date, it will be different for reappearance method technically based on the villagers’ oral statement. Second, it will have to be not mainly Park Chung-hee’s story but switched around the memory of Sindo villagers each space formation of the exhibit rooms in the memorial hall. Third, especially it will have to open to the public and rearrange date to be understood visitors that meaning Kim Bong-ryong’s life story, Lee In-w’s rural village development note and the oral statement contents of Park Jong-tae, Kim Bong-ryong, Kim Gi-yong, Sok Jong-kyun, Jong Su-bung, Lee Jong-du, Lee Ju-son, Lee chol-W, Jong Yong-jo, Kim Mu-yong in fourth exhibit room. Fourth, as a bronze statue of Park Chung-hee installs and commemorates in Saemaul Park, statues of the villagers who were the driving force behind Saemaul Undong will have to install and commemorate somewhere in memorial hall space.
As a result, if it achieves recognition a official memory regime Sindo village as the Birthplace of Saemaul Undong, memorial hall would have to reframe a memory of the villagers. It is going to be unnatural and inappropriate to be shown Park Chung-hee’s myth in even the Birthplace of Saemaul Undong. This will clearly hand down wrong memory to coming generations as the Birthplace of Saemaul Undong.
The Birthplace of Saemaul Undong that stayed the ‘fringeland’ for 40 years is began to come to one’s recollection as a cultural space. This space will be memoried in a way that commemorates the villagers and gives glory of the Saemaul Undong to the villagers. It will advisable for everyone.