영어의 시간 은유에 대한 연구

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to explore the aspect of conceptualization of time in view of cognitive linguistics.
The results are summarized as follows: First, the metaphoric aspects of time are mainly characterized by the following four types of conceptual metaphors: TIME IS SPACE, TIME IS RESOURCES/MONEY, TIME IS A PERSON, TIME IS A THING.
Second, in the TIME IS A THING metaphor, TIME is often regarded as a moving object. Most of the analyses of time so far note that there exists a relative motion between the observer(ego) and time (Lakoff & Johnson 1999). For this reason, sometimes time is conceived as a moving object and the observer(ego) as a stationary object, and vice versa (e.g., "Christmas is approaching.", "We are approaching Christmas.").
Third, these two systems lead to different assignments of front/back to a time-line. For example, in the Moving Ego system, front is assigned to the future(later) event (e.g., "The war is behind us." or "His whole future is before him."). In the Moving Time system, in contrast, front is assigned to a past(earlier) event (e.g., "I will see you before 4 o'clock." or "The reception after the talk.").
Lastly, even though Lakoff & Johnson(1999) mentioned a metaphorical system covering the sequencing of events which are not observer-anchored, for instance, in the following/preceding weeks, tomorrow follows today and so forth, the sequencing of events is not focused and not relevantly reflected into the accounts. The sequencing of events is dealt with enough attention by Nunez & Sweetser(2006).
The characteristic of the sequencing of events metaphor is that there is no requirement of a canonical observer anchored in it's source domain. So in this thesis, two systems of time metaphors are reclassified based on Nunez & Sweetser(2006).

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 1. 서 론 1
• 2. 은유를 통한 시간의 개념화 양상 3
• 2.1 은유의 정의 3
• 2.2 시간의 개념화 양상 13
• 2.2.1 [시간은 공간(TIME IS SPACE)] 은유 15
• 2.2.2 [시간은 자원/돈(TIME IS RESOURCES/MONEY)] 은유 18
• 2.2.3 [시간은 사람(TIME IS A PERSON)] 은유 23
• 2.2.4 [시간은 사물(TIME IS A THING)] 은유 26
• 3. 시간이 사물로 개념화 될 때의 두 가지 시간 은유 27
• 3.1 움직이는 관찰자 은유 27
• 3.2 움직이는 시간 은유 30
• 3.3 시간의 방향성 33
• 3.3.1 물체의 앞과 뒤의 구분 37
• 3.3.2 시간의 앞과 뒤의 구분 39
• 4. Nunez & Sweetser(2006)의 참조점 모형에 의한 시간 은유 설명 42
• 4.1 시간 은유를 두 가지로 분류하는 방식의 문제점 42
• 4.2 시간 참조점 은유 45
• 4.3 관찰자 참조점 은유 48
• 4.3.1 관찰자 참조점 은유의 정적인 구조 49
• 4.3.2 관찰자 참조점 은유의 동적인 구조 51
• 5. 결 론 54
• 참고문헌 56
• 영문초록 59