(A) fuzzy multiple criteria decision making for bid/no-bid of offshore EPC projects

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Bid/no Bid decision making is considerably difficult for the contractor to make a proper decision, because it is always a very complex field. In recent years, it has become a subject to which the contractors pay great attention because the construction market is being more and more competitive day by day. Moreover, an organization’s capabilities in the management of proposals or bids can have a direct and major impact on its success. In general, Bid/no-Bid decisions are made through a detailed review of the project where the project is reviewed in basis of some pre-selected criteria. The criteria are determined based on organizations past experiences prior to the decision making process. The result of a project review is highly influenced by the proper selection of criteria. Thus, using the same criteria forch all kinds of project is not feasible. For a realistic output, the criteria should be chose under supervision of highly experienced professional and they should reflect the characteristics of the corresponding project.
Unlike other EPC (Engineering, Procurement and Construction) projects, offshore projects have some unique characteristics and they are different from conventional EPC project in various ways especially in engineering & construction phase as well as in bidding phase. Unill now no research has been conducted to derive the criteria for Bid/no-Bid decision making for offshore EPC projects. In this research, unique characteristics of offshore project has been considered and the criteria have been derived using Delphi technique for Bid/no-Bid review in offshore EPC projects. As an illustration, a practical example of evaluating a Bid opportunity of an offshore EPC project is cited, which shows this method can provide the stakeholders a convincing and reliable output for the contractors. This paper will benefit anyone hoping to deal with bidding of offshore EPC projects

국문 초록 (Abstract)

적절한 Bid/no-Bid 결정을 내리는 것이 매우 어렵기에 입찰 결정은 아주 복잡한 문제이다. 현재, 건설 산업에서 경쟁이 점점 심화된 가운데 Bid/no-Bid 결정은 각광을 받기 시작했다. 아울러 입찰 관리는 기업의 성공에 크게 영향을 미친다. 일반적으로, 프로젝트에 참여하기 전에, 미리 선정된 기준(Criteria)으로 해당 프로젝트를 상세히 분석하여 평가한다. 평가 기준을 적절히 정했느냐에 평가 결과가 달려 있다. 때문에 모든 프로젝트에 동일한 평가 기준이 적응되는 것이 적합하지 않다. 현실적인 결과에 도달하기 위해서 경험 있는 전문가에 의해 기준을 정해야 한다. 또한, 정해진 기준에 해당 프로젝트의 특성이 반영되어야 한다.
다른 EPC(Engineering, Procurement & Construction, 이하 EPC) 프로젝트와 달리 해양 프로젝트는 몇 가지 특성이 있다. 해양 EPC 프로젝트는 설계 및 시공 단계에서 일반 EPC 프로젝트와 많이 다르듯이 입찰 단계도 다르다. 지금까지 해양 EPC 프로젝트의 입찰 결정 기준을 대상으로 수행한 연구가 거의 없는 실증이다. 본 논문에서 해양 프로젝트의 특징과 독특성을 고려하게 되어 Delphi technique를 이용해서 해양 EPC 프로젝트의 입찰 결정 기준을 정하고 프로젝트를 평가하는 방법에 대해서 연구하였다. 또한 실제 Case study를 통해서 대형 해양 프로젝트에서 제안한 프로세스를 적용하여 검증 과정을 진행 하였다. 본 논문이 해양 EPC 프로젝트에 참여하고자 하는 업체에게 도움이 될 것이다.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 1. Introduction
• 1.1 Background
• 1.2 Bidding Process in Offshore Industry
• 1.3 Importance of Bid/no-Bid Decision Making
• 1.4 Current Bid/no-Bid Decision Making Processes
• 1.5 Description of Research Study
• 2. Literature Review
• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.2 Previous Research on Bidding
• 2.3 Influential Factors in Bidding Stage
• 2.4 Bid/no-Bid Decision Making Models
• 2.5 Shortcomings of Previous Research
• 2.6 Chapter Summary
• 3. Characteristics of Offshore EPC Projects
• 3.1 Introduction
• 3.2 Business Environment of Plant Industry
• 3.3 Difference between Plant Project and Other Construction Projects
• 3.4 Difference between Offshore Plant and Onshore Plant Projects
• 3.5 Characteristics of Offshore Plant Project
• 3.6 Chapter Summary
• 4. Group Decision Making Techniques
• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 Group Decision Making Techniques
• 4.3 Advantages and Disadvantages of Group Decision Making Techniques
• 4.4 Detail of Delphi Technique
• 4.5 Chapter Summary
• 5. Introduction to Fuzzy Theory
• 5.1Introduction
• 5.2 Multiple Criteria Decision Making in Fuzzy Envronment
• 5.3 Making Fuzzy Membership Function
• 5.4 Chapter Summary
• 6. Criteria Derivation for Bid/no-Bid Decision Maing
• 6.1 Introduction
• 6.2 Application of Delphi Technique
• 6.3 Chapter Summary
• 7. Proposed Bid/no-Bid Decision Making Method
• 7.1 Introduction
• 7.2 Proposed Method
• 7.3 Selection of Linguistic Scale
• 7.4 Calculation Concept
• 7.5 Chapter Summary
• 8. Case Study
• 8.1 Preparation for the Case Study
• 8.2 Calculated Results
• 8.3 Result Analysis
• 8.4 Chapter Summary
• 9.Conclusion
• 9.1 Research Summary
• 9.2 Concluding Remarks