한국판 자연연관척도의 Psycho-property Test와 타당성 = Psycho-property Test and Validity for Korean version of Nature Relatedness Scale

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

As a scale of environmental attitude and environmental awareness, the New Environmental Paradigm(NEP) which contains 12 questions is generally used in Korea. However, the scale has developed 30 years ago and its translation version has a limitation which couldn't reflect personal emotion, trait-like and empirical aspects as well as the source for scale adaptation had been used inarticulately. To remedy its shortcoming, measurement of Nature Relatedness is needed that includes emotional and trait-like aspects which human possess and represent the present opinion for environment. NRS(Nature Relatedness Scale) had been developed in 2009 based on Biophilia hypothesis in order to measure Nature Relatedness which resembles ecologic identity signifies subject sense and emotional, personal experiences in nature or in connectivity with nature. The scale reflects the level of connectivity between nature environment and human trait-like and measures connection with natural environment according to the difference rate on individual peculiarities.
This study aims to verify the translated version of English scale which does not be adopted in Korea, identify whether the scale contains personal experience and trait-like characteristics and improve NEP’s aspects of emotional and trait-like. The solutions for this matter are as follows:
First, what is the factor structure of Korean version for Nature Relatedness Scale(NRS)?
Second, what is the correlation between Nature Relatedness Scale(NRS) and New Environmental Paradigm(NEP)?
Third, how do NRS differ according to characteristics of visitor who wants to enjoy nature such as awareness of forest therapy and visiting frequency of forest?
To reset its factor structure and translate into Korean, we had correspondence with Elizabeth K. Lisbet, original author, to permission of translation preferentially and started to collect its data. After draft translation, a panel of experts(doctor of psychology, english literature and dendrology) modified it with suitable terminology which is appropriate for Korean culture and sensibility. To discover scale’s factor structure and adaptability of Korean version, 60 of college students at c university who are taking general education course, 19 of graduate students and 40 of forest therapy advisors were applied the scale and the result from it was analyzed. The results for NRS are shown total 7 factor structures and internal consistency is .85 which is considered as satisfactory in comparison with the internal consistency for original scale of .87.
The data have been collected from the user of "healing forest" which was considered to have visitor groups who wants to be with nature to discover the validity of this scale and whether this scale contains personal experience and trait-like characteristics.
The survey was conducted at three different healing forests which are Saneum, Jangsung and Jangheung. It was face-to-face interview and the researcher explained the survey with additional information to the participations. The investigative tools are characteristics of forest utilization such as, Korean version of NRS, NEP, psychological well-being scale, visit motivation and visit frequency.
According to the correlation analysis between NEP and NER, it was .549(p<.01) which showed significant relation. The result of NRS showed differently in accordance with personal empirical factor(e.g., visit frequency for forest, existence and nonexistence of natural environment related activity) and knowledge based factor(e.g., forest healing recognition, academic background). The nature relatedness was higher when participation’s nature related knowledge and their education level are higher as well as more experience and interesting of nature and forest. The higher the level of nature related education and knowledge as well as more experience and interest on nature and forest, the higher the nature relatedness was shown. The results suggested that the difference of nature relatedness is related to personal characteristic(or trait-like).
In accordance of the results, the Korean version of NRS reflects personal characteristics and trait-like character and is adequate to measure the connectivity between nature and human.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론 1
• 1. 연구의 배경 및 필요성 1
• 2. 연구 목적 5
• Ⅱ. 한국판 자연연관척도의 도입 7
• 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 7
• (1) 연구의 필요성 7
• (2) 연구의 목적 8
• 2. 연구의 이론적 고찰 9
• (1) 자연연관성(Nature Relatedness) 관련 이론 9
• (2) 자연연관성(Nature Relatedness) 관련 연구 17
• 3. 자연연관척도의 번안 22
• (1) 자연연관척도 22
• (2) 자연연관척도의 번안 절차 25
• 4. 자연연관척도(Nature Relatedness Scale; NRS)의 도입 29
• (1) 연구의 대상 29
• (2) 연구의 방법 29
• (3) 연구 결과 30
• (4) 한국판 자연연관척도의 도입 결론 36
• Ⅲ. 한국판 자연연관척도의 타당성 39
• 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 39
• (1) 연구의 필요성 39
• (2) 연구의 목적 및 가설 40
• 2. 연구의 대상 및 방법 41
• (1) 연구의 척도 41
• (2) 연구의 대상지 46
• (3) 연구의 방법 49
• 3. 연구 결과 및 가설검증 50
• (1) 연구 결과 50
• (2) 가설 검증 65
• 4. 한국판 자연연관척도의 타당성 결과 70
• Ⅳ. 종합 논의 73
• 참고문헌 77
• 부록 83